BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is prevalent in individuals with COPD. Updated evidence is required to complement the previous systematic review on this topic to provide best practice. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to quantitatively synthesize data from studies with respect to the prevalence and risk factors for osteoporosis among individuals with COPD. METHODS EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases were searched for articles containing the key words "COPD," "osteoporosis," "prevalence," and "risk factor." Eligibility screening, data extraction, and quality assessment of the retrieved articles were conducted independently by two reviewers. Meta-analyses were performed to determine osteoporosis prevalence and risk factors in individuals with COPD. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS The pooled global prevalence from 58 studies was 38% (95% CI, 34-43). The presence of COPD increased the likelihood of having osteoporosis (OR, 2.83). Other significant risk factors for osteoporosis in COPD patients were BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 (OR, 4.26) and the presence of sarcopenia (OR, 3.65). CONCLUSIONS Osteoporosis is prevalent in individuals with COPD, and the prevalence seems to be high and similar in many countries. Patients with COPD should be screened for osteoporosis and contributing risk factors.

中文翻译：

---

慢性阻塞性肺病患者骨质疏松的患病率和危险因素：系统评价和荟萃分析。

背景技术骨质疏松症在COPD患者中普遍存在。需要更新的证据来补充以前对该主题的系统评价，以提供最佳实践。该系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是定量地综合研究所得的COPD患者骨质疏松症患病率和危险因素的数据。方法在EMBASE，CINAHL，MEDLINE和PubMed数据库中搜索包含关键词“ COPD”，“骨质疏松症”，“患病率”和“风险因素”的文章。资格审查，数据提取和检索到的文章的质量评估由两名审阅者独立进行。进行荟萃分析以确定COPD患者的骨质疏松症患病率和危险因素。进行了元回归分析以探索异质性的来源。结果58项研究汇总的全球患病率为38％（95％CI，34-43）。COPD的存在增加了患骨质疏松症的可能性（OR，2.83）。COPD患者发生骨质疏松症的其他重要危险因素是BMI <18.5 kg / m2（OR，4.26）和肌肉减少症的存在（OR，3.65）。结论骨质疏松症在COPD患者中普遍存在，在许多国家中患病率很高且相似。应该对患有COPD的患者进行骨质疏松症筛查，并评估其危险因素。COPD患者发生骨质疏松症的其他重要危险因素是BMI <18.5 kg / m2（OR，4.26）和肌肉减少症的存在（OR，3.65）。结论骨质疏松症在COPD患者中普遍存在，在许多国家中患病率很高且相似。应该对患有COPD的患者进行骨质疏松症筛查，并评估其危险因素。COPD患者发生骨质疏松症的其他重要危险因素是BMI <18.5 kg / m2（OR，4.26）和肌肉减少症的存在（OR，3.65）。结论骨质疏松症在COPD患者中普遍存在，在许多国家中患病率很高且相似。应该对患有COPD的患者进行骨质疏松症筛查，并评估其危险因素。