Island nations and islands in Oceania and the Asia Pacific rely heavily on coastal and marine ecosystem services. Systems such as coral reefs, seagrass and mangroves are intrinsically important, vital to many people’s livelihoods, and in many cases intertwined with cultural systems. Some, such as the reefs of the Coral Triangle, are seriously threatened by fishing pressures, including destructive fishing practices, pollution and environmental change. Governments, and concerned coastal communities, each try to work to protect or manage the exploitation of important ecosystems, yet apart from the limited cases with endorsed systems of co-management or community based management, communities and governments can find themselves working separately and not necessarily in harmony. A participatory diagnosis on the island of Selayar, Eastern Indonesia, highlights opportunities for communities and government to improvement alignment of their efforts towards sustainable management of marine ecosystems. The findings from this study can inform strategies in Oceania and elsewhere in the Asia Pacific towards improved management of marine and coastal ecosystems, from the standpoints of communities, government and civil-society actors. We highlight issues of policy alignment between communities and government; aligning customary and science-based knowledge; and navigating inter-community conflict.

大洋洲和亚太地区的岛国和岛屿严重依赖沿海和海洋生态系统服务。诸如珊瑚礁，海草和红树林之类的系统具有内在的重要性，对许多人的生计至关重要，在许多情况下还与文化系统交织在一起。有些捕捞压力，包括破坏性的捕捞习俗，污染和环境变化，严重地威胁着诸如珊瑚三角礁等的珊瑚礁。各国政府以及有关的沿海社区都试图保护或管理对重要生态系统的开发，但是除了少数情况下，采用共同管理或基于社区的管理体系得到认可外，社区和政府可以发现自己独立开展工作，而不一定和谐。印度尼西亚东部Selayar岛的参与式诊断，着重指出社区和政府为改善其对海洋生态系统可持续管理的努力的契合度的机会。这项研究的结果可以从社区，政府和民间社会行为者的角度为大洋洲和亚太地区其他地区的战略提供信息，以改善海洋和沿海生态系统的管理。我们着重强调社区与政府之间的政策一致性问题；调整习惯知识和基于科学的知识；和解决社区间的冲突。从社区，政府和公民社会行为者的角度来看。我们着重强调社区与政府之间的政策一致性问题；调整习惯知识和基于科学的知识；和解决社区间的冲突。从社区，政府和公民社会行为者的角度来看。我们着重强调社区与政府之间的政策一致性问题；使习惯知识和基于科学的知识保持一致；和解决社区间的冲突。