The use of implantable myoelectric sensors showed substantial improvements in prosthetic function of above-elbow amputees. Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) amplifies the electrical activity of nerves at the stump of amputees by redirecting them in remnant muscles above the amputation. The electrical activity of the reinnervated muscles can be used to extract natural control signals. Nonetheless, current control systems, mainly based on noninvasive muscle recordings, fail to provide accurate and reliable control over time. This is one of the major reasons for prosthetic abandonment. This prospective interventional study includes three unilateral above-elbow amputees and reports the long-term (2.5 years) implant of wireless myoelectric sensors in the reinnervation sites after TMR and their use for control of robotic arms in daily life. It therefore demonstrates the clinical viability of chronically implanted myoelectric interfaces that amplify nerve activity through TMR. The patients showed substantial functional improvements using the implanted system compared with control based on surface electrodes. The combination of TMR and chronically implanted sensors may drastically improve robotic limb replacement in above-elbow amputees.

中文翻译：

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长期植入肌内传感器和神经传递，以无线控制肘部截肢者的机械臂

植入式肌电传感器的使用显示了肘部截肢者假肢功能的显着改善。有针对性的肌肉再支配（TMR）通过将截肢者上方的残余肌肉中的神经重新定向，从而放大了截肢者残端神经的电活动。受神经支配的肌肉的电活动可用于提取自然控制信号。但是，当前的控制系统主要基于无创性肌肉记录，无法随着时间的推移提供准确而可靠的控制。这是放弃假肢的主要原因之一。这项前瞻性干预性研究包括三名单侧上肢截肢者，并报告了在TMR后将神经肌肉无线传感器长期植入神经支配部位并用于控制日常生活中的机械手臂的情况（2.5年）。因此，它证明了长期植入的肌电接口通过TMR放大神经活动的临床可行性。与基于表面电极的对照相比，使用植入系统的患者显示出实质性的功能改善。TMR和长期植入的传感器的组合可以大大改善肘部截肢者的机器人肢体置换。