STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence and neurophysiological correlates of obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSA) in type 1 narcolepsy (NT1) children and adolescents. METHODS Thirty-eight, drug-naïve, NT1 children and adolescents and 21 age- and sex-balanced clinical controls underwent nocturnal polysomnography (PSG) and multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). According to the rules for pediatric population, an obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (Obstructive AHI) ≥ 1 (comprising obstructive and mixed events), defined comorbid OSA. RESULTS NT1 children showed higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and severe nocturnal sleep disruption (lower sleep efficiency, and increased N1 sleep stage percentage) coupled with higher motor activity (periodic limb movement index [PLMi] and REM atonia index) compared to clinical controls. Sleep-related respiratory variables did not differ between NT1 and clinical controls (OSA prevalence of 13.2% and 4.8%, respectively). NT1 children with OSA were younger and showed lower N2 sleep stage percentage and higher PLMi than NT1 children without comorbid OSA. Overweight/obesity was not associated with OSA in NT1. CONCLUSIONS Despite higher body mass index (BMI), OSA prevalence did not differ between children with NT1 and clinical controls. OSA in pediatric NT1 patients is a rare and mild comorbidity, further contributing to nocturnal sleep disruption without effects on daytime sleepiness.

中文翻译：

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小儿1型发作性睡病的睡眠呼吸障碍患病率和神经生理学相关性。

目的研究1型嗜睡症（NT1）儿童和青少年阻塞性睡眠呼吸障碍（OSA）的患病率和神经生理学相关性。方法对38例无药物，NT1儿童和青少年以及21例年龄和性别平衡的临床对照进行了夜间多导睡眠监测（PSG）和多次睡眠潜伏期试验（MSLT）。根据儿科人群的规则，阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气指数（阻塞性AHI）≥1（包含阻塞性和混合性事件）定义为并发OSA。结果与临床对照相比，NT1儿童的超重/肥胖症和严重的夜间睡眠中断（较高的睡眠效率和N1睡眠阶段百分比）的患病率更高，同时伴有较高的运动能力（周期性肢体运动指数[PLMi]和REM失语症指数）。睡眠相关的呼吸变量在NT1和临床对照之间没有差异（OSA患病率分别为13.2％和4.8％）。与没有合并OSA的NT1儿童相比，具有OSA的NT1儿童更年轻，并且显示出更低的N2睡眠阶段百分比和更高的PLMi。在NT1中，超重/肥胖与OSA不相关。结论尽管体重指数（BMI）较高，但NT1患儿和临床对照者的OSA患病率无差异。小儿NT1患者的OSA是一种罕见的轻度合并症，进一步导致夜间睡眠中断，对白天的嗜睡没有影响。在NT1中，超重/肥胖与OSA不相关。结论尽管体重指数（BMI）较高，但NT1患儿和临床对照者的OSA患病率无差异。小儿NT1患者的OSA是一种罕见的轻度合并症，进一步导致夜间睡眠中断，对白天的嗜睡没有影响。在NT1中，超重/肥胖与OSA不相关。结论尽管体重指数（BMI）较高，但NT1患儿和临床对照者的OSA患病率无差异。小儿NT1患者的OSA是一种罕见的轻度合并症，进一步导致夜间睡眠中断，对白天的嗜睡没有影响。