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Nutrigenomics and RNA methylation: Role of micronutrients.
Biochimie ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.07.008
Pauline Mosca 1 , Bruno Leheup 1 , Natacha Dreumont 1
Affiliation  

RNA modifications regulate gene expression by impacting different steps in RNA processing. They are as diverse as they are important for the cell. Most of them have been identified around 1970 and the recent development of high-throughput techniques has shed some insights on their prevalence and function. They are present in all RNA types, but their regulation is still not fully understood. The most described RNA modification is methylation, which requires S-adenosylmethionine as a methyl donor, produced through the one carbon metabolism. Different micronutrients (i.e. folate and vitamin B12) are required to properly generate S-adenosylmethionine, making nutrition a strong regulating factor. Although micronutrients have been extensively described to affect epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, protein histone post-translational modifications or miRNAs, far less is known about RNA methylation. Here, we review what is known about the regulation of RNA methylation by micronutrients and the physiological consequences of deficiencies.

中文翻译:

营养基因组学和RNA甲基化:微量营养素的作用。

RNA修饰通过影响RNA加工中的不同步骤来调节基因表达。它们的多样性和对细胞的重要性一样重要。他们中的大多数已在1970年左右被发现,高通量技术的最新发展为它们的流行性和功能提供了一些见识。它们存在于所有RNA类型中,但其调控仍未完全了解。最描述的RNA修饰是甲基化,它需要通过一个碳代谢产生的S-腺苷甲硫氨酸作为甲基供体。需要不同的微量营养素(即叶酸和维生素B12)才能正确生成S-腺苷甲硫氨酸,从而使营养成为强大的调节因子。尽管微量营养素已被广泛描述为影响表观遗传机制,例如DNA甲基化,蛋白质组蛋白翻译后修饰或miRNA,对RNA甲基化的了解还很少。在这里,我们回顾一下有关微量营养素对RNA甲基化的调控以及缺乏的生理后果的知识。
更新日期:2019-07-11
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