Peripheral endocrine output relies on either direct or feed-forward multi-order command from the hypothalamus. Efficient coding of endocrine responses is made possible by the many neuronal cell types that coexist in intercalated hypothalamic nuclei and communicate through extensive synaptic connectivity. Although general anatomical and neurochemical features of hypothalamic neurons were described during the past decades, they have yet to be reconciled with recently discovered molecular classifiers and neurogenetic function determination. By interrogating magnocellular as well as parvocellular dopamine, GABA, glutamate, and phenotypically mixed neurons, we integrate available information at the molecular, cellular, network, and endocrine output levels to propose a framework for the comprehensive classification of hypothalamic neurons. Simultaneously, we single out putative neuronal subclasses for which future research can fill in existing gaps of knowledge to rationalize cellular diversity through function-determinant molecular marks in the hypothalamus.

中文翻译：

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下丘脑神经元的分子，网络和内分泌特征的统一分类。

周围内分泌输出依赖于下丘脑的直接或前馈多阶命令。共存于下丘脑内层核中并通过广泛的突触连通性进行交流的许多神经元细胞类型，使得有效编码内分泌反应成为可能。尽管在过去的几十年中描述了下丘脑神经元的一般解剖和神经化学特征，但是它们尚未与最近发现的分子分类器和神经遗传功能确定相一致。通过询问脑细胞和小细胞多巴胺，GABA，谷氨酸和表型混合神经元，我们在分子，细胞，网络和内分泌输出水平上整合了可用信息，为下丘脑神经元的全面分类提出了框架。