In 2015, public awareness of Zika virus (ZIKV) rose in response to alarming statistics of infants with microcephaly being born to women who were infected with the virus during pregnancy, triggering global concern over these potentially devastating consequences. Although we have discovered a great deal about the genome and pathogenesis of this reemergent flavivirus since this recent outbreak, we still have much more to learn, including the nature of the virus-host interactions and mechanisms that determine its tropism and pathogenicity in the nervous system, which are in turn shaped by the continual evolution of the virus. Inevitably, we will find out more about the potential long-term effects of ZIKV exposure on the nervous system from ongoing longitudinal studies. Integrating clinical and epidemiological data with a wider range of animal and human cell culture models will be critical to understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms and developing more specific antiviral compounds and vaccines.

中文翻译：

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神经系统中寨卡病毒感染的病理生理学和机制。

2015年，由于对怀孕期间被该病毒感染的妇女所生的小头畸形婴儿的令人震惊的统计数字作出反应，公众对寨卡病毒（ZIKV）的认识有所提高，引发了全球对这些潜在破坏性后果的关注。尽管自从最近爆发以来，我们已经发现了大量有关这种新生黄病毒的基因组和发病机理，但我们仍然有很多东西要学，包括病毒-宿主相互作用的性质以及决定其在神经系统中的向性和致病性的机制。 ，反过来又受病毒的不断进化所影响。不可避免地，我们将从正在进行的纵向研究中找到有关ZIKV暴露对神经系统的潜在长期影响的更多信息。