The differentiation therapy of breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) represents a significant strategy to treat cancer, but inefficient delivery to CSCs hinders the efficacy of differentiation agents. In this work, we report a type of functional dendrisomes constructed by the synthesized amphiphilic dendrimers, which enhance cellular uptake by breast CSCs, differentiate breast CSCs by carrying all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and increase the anticancer efficacy by carrying ATRA and docetaxel (DTX) in vitro and in breast cancer-bearing mice. The study further reveals the mechanism of cellular uptake by breast CSCs and uncovers the differentiation mechanism by analyzing relevant signal molecules, transcription factors, and cell cycle-associated signaling pathways during differentiation therapy in breast CSCs. Hence, this study offers a novel type of functional dendrisomes for differentiation therapy of breast CSCs and has significant clinical implications.

乳腺癌干细胞（CSCs）的分化疗法代表了一种重要的治疗癌症的策略，但对CSCs的低效递送阻碍了分化剂的功效。在这项工作中，我们报告了一种由合成的两亲树状聚合物构建的功能性树状体，该树状体可增强乳腺癌CSC的细胞摄取，通过携带全反式维甲酸（ATRA）来区分乳腺癌CSC，并通过携带ATRA和多西他赛来提高抗癌功效（DTX）在体外和在患有乳腺癌的小鼠中。该研究还通过分析乳腺癌CSCs分化治疗过程中的相关信号分子，转录因子和与细胞周期相关的信号通路，揭示了乳腺癌CSCs摄取细胞的机制，并揭示了分化机制。因此，