Metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles, also called porous coordination polymers, are a major part of nanomaterials science, and their role in catalysis is becoming central. The extraordinary variability and richness of their structures afford engineering synergies between the metal nodes, functional linkers, encapsulated substrates, or nanoparticles for multiple and selective heterogeneous interactions and activations in these MOF-based nanocatalysts. Pyrolysis of MOF-nanoparticle composites forms highly porous N- or P-doped graphitized MOF-derived nanomaterials that are increasingly used as efficient catalysts especially in electro- and photocatalysis. This review first briefly summarizes this background of MOF nanoparticle catalysis and then comprehensively reviews the fast-growing literature reported during the last years. The major parts are catalysis of organic and molecular reactions, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and views of prospects. Major challenges of our society are addressed using these well-defined heterogeneous catalysts in the fields of synthesis, energy, and environment. In spite of the many achievements, enormous progress is still necessary to improve our understanding of the processes involved beyond the proof-of-concept, particularly for selective methane oxidation, hydrogen production, water splitting, CO2 reduction to methanol, nitrogen fixation, and water depollution.

中文翻译：

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基于金属有机框架（MOF）和MOF衍生的纳米催化的最新技术和前景。

金属有机骨架（MOF）纳米粒子，也称为多孔配位聚合物，是纳米材料科学的重要组成部分，它们在催化中的作用正变得越来越重要。这些结构的非凡可变性和丰富性为这些基于MOF的纳米催化剂中的金属节点，功能性连接基，封装的底物或纳米粒子之间提供了多种协同和选择性的非均质相互作用和活化的工程协同作用。MOF纳米颗粒复合材料的热解形成高度多孔的N或P掺杂的石墨化MOF衍生纳米材料，这些材料越来越多地用作有效的催化剂，尤其是在电催化和光催化中。这篇综述首先简要概述了MOF纳米颗粒催化的背景，然后全面回顾了最近几年报道的快速增长的文献。主要部分是有机和分子反应的催化，电催化，光催化和前景展望。在合成，能源和环境领域中，使用这些定义明确的非均相催化剂可以解决我们社会的主要挑战。尽管取得了许多成就，但是仍然需要巨大的进步来增进我们对超出概念验证范围的过程的理解，特别是在选择性甲烷氧化，制氢，水分解，将CO2还原为甲醇，固氮和水方面污染。