Directional hemispheric dominance has been established for numerous cognitive functions in the human brain. Strong population biases with some functions favoring the left and others the right hemisphere generated the popular idea of an advantageous prototypical division of labor between both halves of the brain, molded by evolution and genetically blueprinted. As most empirical studies on functional lateralization focused on a single function at a time, little is known about the relation between different asymmetric functions and the consequences of atypical functional segregation in healthy individuals. Recent investigations suggest the existence of at least three different phenotypes in human functional segregation relevant for future neuroscientific and genetic research. Using atypical language dominance as a starting point, I summarize the existing literature about its behavioral and neural consequences and explore the evidence for intermediate phenotypes in brain functional segregation that could bridge behavioral and genetic data.

中文翻译：

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半球功能隔离中的表型？观点与挑战。

定向半球优势已建立为人类大脑中的众多认知功能。强烈的人口偏见，其某些功能有利于左半球，而另一些功能则有利于右半球，这产生了流行的想法，即在大脑的两半之间有利的原型分工，这是由进化形成的并具有基因蓝图。由于大多数关于功能性偏侧化的经验研究一次只关注一种功能，因此对于健康个体中不同的不对称功能与非典型功能性隔离的后果之间的关系知之甚少。最近的研究表明，人类功能分离中存在至少三种不同的表型，与未来的神经科学和遗传学研究有关。以非典型的语言优势为起点，