Fifty nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Alsace, France, identified by morphological criteria and using MALDI-TOF MS, were tested by PCR to detect tick-associated bacteria and protozoan parasites. Seventy percent (35/50) of ticks contained at least one microorganism; 26% (9/35) contained two or more species. Several human pathogens were identified including Borrelia burgdorferi s.s. (4%), Borrelia afzelii (2%), Borrelia garinii (2%), Borrelia valaisiana (4%), Borrelia miyamotoi (2%), Rickettsia helvetica (6%) and “Babesia venatorum” (2%). Bartonella spp. (10%) and a Wolbachia spp. (8%) were also detected. The most common co-infections involved Anaplasmataceae with Borrelia spp. (4%), Anaplasmataceae with Bartonella spp. (6%) and Anaplasmataceae with Rickettsia spp. (6%). Co-infection involving three different groups of bacteria was seen between bacteria of the family Anaplasmataceae, Borrelia spp. and Bartonella spp. (2%). Results highlight the panel of infectious agents carried by Ixodes ricinus. Co-infection suggests the possibility of transmission of more than one pathogen to human and animals during tick blood feeding.

通过形态学标准并使用MALDI-TOF MS鉴定了在法国阿尔萨斯收集的五十只仙女臭x，并通过PCR检测了tick相关细菌和原生动物寄生虫。百分之七十（35/50）的壁虱包含至少一种微生物；26％（9/35）包含两个或更多物种。几种人类病原体被鉴定，包括伯氏疏螺旋SS（4％），疏螺旋体属afzelii（2％），疏螺旋体属garinii（2％），疏螺旋体属valaisiana（4％），疏螺旋体属miyamotoi（2％），立克次氏体的Helvetica（6％）和“ “巴贝斯虫”（2％）。巴尔通体属 （10％）和Wolbachiaspp。（8％）也被检测到。最常见的共同感染涉及无花果科和疏螺旋体。（4％），无核小球藻与Bartonella spp。（6％）和无形纲科与立克次体（Rickettsia spp。）。（6％）。在Anaplasmataceae（Borrelia spp）科的细菌之间发现了涉及三组不同细菌的共感染。和Bartonella spp。（2％）。结果突出了蓖麻线虫携带的传染病原体。共同感染表明，在feeding血喂养期间，可能有多种病原体传播给人和动物。