Vitiligo and alopecia areata (AA) are common autoimmune conditions characterized by white spots on the skin (vitiligo) and bald spots on the scalp (AA), which significantly impact patients' lives by damaging their appearance and function. Melanocytes are the target of immune destruction in vitiligo and are hypothesized to be the site of immune attack in AA. This inflammatory process can be partially reversed by immunosuppressive drugs. Both conditions demonstrate regenerative components that are just now being identified. In this review, we focus on the regenerative medicine aspects of vitiligo and AA, using experimental data from human, mouse, and in vitro models, summarizing the key pathways involved in repopulation of the epidermis with melanocytes in vitiligo and in regrowth of hair follicles in AA. We also discuss treatments that may activate these pathways. Of the regenerative treatments, JAK inhibitors and bimatoprost stimulate repopulation of depleted cells in both diseases, intralesional injections of autologous concentrated platelet-rich plasma and minoxidil showed some benefit in AA, and phototherapy with narrowband UVB was shown to be effective especially in vitiligo. Finally, we discuss future treatments based on the mobilization of stem cells to regenerate anagen hair follicles in AA and intraepidermal melanocytes in vitiligo.

中文翻译：

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利用白癜风和脱发的再生疗法的力量。

白癜风和斑秃（AA）是常见的自身免疫性疾病，其特征是皮肤上有白斑（vitiligo）和头皮上有秃斑（AA），这会损害患者的外表和功能，从而严重影响其生活。黑素细胞是白癜风中免疫破坏的靶标，并被认为是AA中免疫攻击的部位。免疫抑制药物可以部分逆转这种炎症过程。两种情况都表明了刚刚被确定的再生成分。在这篇综述中，我们集中于白癜风和AA的再生医学方面，利用来自人类，小鼠和体外模型的实验数据，总结了白癜风中黑素细胞和毛囊再生中涉及表皮再填充的关键途径。机管局。我们还将讨论可能激活这些途径的治疗方法。在再生治疗中，两种疾病中的JAK抑制剂和比马前列素均能刺激枯竭细胞的再增殖，病灶内注射自体浓缩的富含血小板的血浆和米诺地尔对AA有一定的益处，而窄带UVB的光疗被证明对白癜风特别有效。最后，我们讨论了基于干细胞动员以再生AA中毛发生长毛囊和白癜风中表皮内黑素细胞的未来治疗方法。窄带UVB的光疗被证明是有效的，特别是在白癜风中。最后，我们讨论了基于干细胞动员以再生AA中毛发生长毛囊和白癜风中表皮内黑素细胞的未来治疗方法。窄带UVB的光疗被证明是有效的，特别是在白癜风中。最后，我们讨论了基于干细胞动员以再生AA中毛发生长毛囊和白癜风中表皮内黑素细胞的未来治疗方法。