Patients with acute brain injuries tend to be physiologically unstable and at risk of rapid and potentially life-threatening decompensation due to shifts in intracranial compartment volumes and consequent intracranial hypertension. Invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring therefore remains a cornerstone of modern neurocritical care, despite the attendant risks of infection and damage to brain tissue arising from the surgical placement of a catheter or pressure transducer into the cerebrospinal fluid or brain tissue compartments. In addition to ICP monitoring, tracking of the intracranial capacity to buffer shifts in compartment volumes would help in the assessment of patient state, inform clinical decision making, and guide therapeutic interventions. We review the anatomy, physiology, and current technology relevant to clinical management of patients with acute brain injury and outline unmet clinical needs to advance patient monitoring in neurocritical care.

中文翻译：

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神经重症监护中的颅内压和颅内弹性监测。

急性颅脑损伤患者由于颅内区室容积的变化和随之而来的颅内高压，往往会在生理上不稳定，并有迅速发生并可能危及生命的失代偿的风险。因此，尽管存在因外科手术将导管或压力传感器放置到脑脊液或脑组织隔室中而引起的感染和脑组织受损的风险，但侵入式颅内压（ICP）监测仍是现代神经重症监护的基石。除了ICP监测之外，跟踪颅内缓冲液以缓冲隔室容积变化的能力将有助于评估患者的状态，为临床决策提供依据并指导治疗干预。我们回顾一下解剖学，生理学，