OBJECTIVES To examine the incidence and mortality of brain abscesses. METHODS We accessed nationwide population-based medical registries to obtain data for patients with first-time brain abscesses in Denmark from 1982 through 2016. Annual age- and sex-standardized incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and compared by direct standardization. We used Cox regression to compute mortality rate ratios adjusted for age and year groups, sex and Charlson comorbidity index score. RESULTS We identified 1384 patients (37% female). The overall standardized incidence rate of brain abscess was 0.76 per 100 000 person-years (95% confidence interval 0.70-0.81). The incidence rates gradually increased from 0.60 during 1982-88 to 0.90 per 100 000 person-years during 2010-16, yielding an incidence rate ratio of 1.50 (95% confidence interval 1.26-1.79). This increase in incidence was most pronounced in the proportions of brain abscess patients >40 years of age and those with immuno-compromise. The 1-year mortality declined from 29% during 1982-88 to 20% during 2010-16, yielding an adjusted mortality rate ratio of 0.44 (95% confidence interval 0.31-0.63). Risk factors for death were advanced age, Charlson comorbidity index >0, immuno-compromised status and congenital heart disease. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of brain abscess in Denmark is low but increasing, especially in the elderly, along with an increasing proportion of brain abscess patients with immuno-compromise. The prognosis has improved during the last decades, but mortality remains high. Risk factors for death in our study were advanced age, presence of comorbidity, immuno-compromised status and congenital heart disease.

中文翻译：

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丹麦脑脓肿的发病率和死亡率：一项基于人口的全国性研究。

目的探讨脑脓肿的发病率和死亡率。方法我们访问了全国以人口为基础的医疗登记处，以获取1982年至2016年丹麦初次脑脓肿患者的数据。通过直接标准化，计算并比较了95％置信区间的年度年龄和性别标准化发病率。我们使用Cox回归来计算针对年龄和年龄组，性别和Charlson合并症指数评分调整的死亡率比率。结果我们确定了1384例患者（女性占37％）。脑脓肿的总体标准化发生率是每十万人年0.76（95％置信区间0.70-0.81）。发病率从1982-88年的0.60逐渐增加到2010-16年度的每10万人年0.90。50（95％置信区间1.26-1.79）。在40岁以上的脑脓肿和免疫功能低下的脑脓肿患者中，这种发病率的增加最为明显。1年死亡率从1982-88年的29％下降到2010-16年的20％，调整后的死亡率为0.44（95％置信区间0.31-0.63）。死亡的危险因素是高龄，查尔森合并症指数> 0，免疫功能低下和先天性心脏病。结论丹麦脑脓肿的发生率很低，但正在增加，尤其是在老年人中，并且免疫损害的脑脓肿患者所占的比例也在增加。在过去的几十年中，预后有所改善，但死亡率仍然很高。在我们的研究中，死亡的危险因素是高龄，合并症，