Genome expression and stability are dependent on biological processes that control repetitive DNA sequences and nuclear compartmentalization. The phase separation of macromolecules has recently emerged as a major player in the control of biological pathways. Here, we summarize recent studies that collectively reveal intersections between phase separation, repetitive DNA elements, and nuclear compartments. These intersections modulate fundamental processes, including gene expression, DNA repair, and cellular lifespan, in the context of health and diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration.

中文翻译：

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相分离是DNA重复的熔池。

基因组的表达和稳定性取决于控制重复DNA序列和核区室化的生物学过程。大分子的相分离最近已成为控制生物途径的主要参与者。在这里，我们总结了最近的研究，这些研究共同揭示了相分离，重复性DNA元素和核区室之间的交集。在健康和疾病（例如癌症和神经退行性疾病）的背景下，这些交叉点调节基本过程，包括基因表达，DNA修复和细胞寿命。