Abstract For successful commercialization of perovskite solar cells, straightforward solutions in terms of environmental impact and economic feasibility are still required. Flash Infrared Annealing (FIRA) is a rapid method to fabricate perovskite solar cells with efficiencies >18% on simple, planar architecture, which allows a film synthesis in only 1.2 s, faster than the previous report based in a meso architecture and all of them without the usage of antisolvent. In this work, through a comparative study with the common lab-scale method, the so-called antisolvent (AS), the main photovoltaic parameters and working mechanisms obtained from impedance spectroscopy (IS) measurements show similar device features as for FIRA. However, from the life cycle assessment (LCA) comparison study, the FIRA method has only 8% of the environmental impact and 2% of the fabrication cost of the perovskite active layer with respect to the AS for the perovskite film synthesis. These results denote that FIRA is a low-impact, cost-effective fabrication approach that can be directly adapted to perovskite planar configuration that is compatible with industrial up-scaling.

中文翻译：

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闪光红外退火作为一种低成本、低环境影响的平面钙钛矿太阳能电池加工方法

摘要 为了钙钛矿太阳能电池的成功商业化，仍然需要在环境影响和经济可行性方面的直接解决方案。闪光红外退火 (FIRA) 是一种快速制造钙钛矿太阳能电池的方法，在简单的平面结构上效率 > 18%，仅允许在 1.2 秒内合成薄膜，比之前基于中观结构的报告以及所有这些都快不使用反溶剂。在这项工作中，通过与常见的实验室规模方法，即所谓的反溶剂 (AS) 的比较研究，从阻抗谱 (IS) 测量中获得的主要光伏参数和工作机制显示出与 FIRA 相似的器件特征。然而，从生命周期评估（LCA）对比研究来看，相对于钙钛矿薄膜合成的 AS，FIRA 方法仅具有 8% 的环境影响和 2% 的钙钛矿活性层制造成本。这些结果表明 FIRA 是一种低影响、具有成本效益的制造方法，可以直接适用于与工业升级兼容的钙钛矿平面配置。