RNA modifications, collectively referred to as 'the epitranscriptome,' have recently emerged as a pervasive feature of cellular mRNAs which have diverse impacts on gene expression. In the last several years, technological advances improving our ability to identify mRNA modifications, coupled with the discovery of proteins that add and remove these marks, have substantially expanded our knowledge of how the epitranscriptome shapes gene expression. Efforts to uncover functional roles for mRNA modifications have begun to reveal important roles for some marks within the nervous system, and animal models have emerged which demonstrate severe neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive abnormalities resulting from the loss of mRNA modification machinery. Here, we review the recent advances in the field of neuroepitranscriptomics, with a particular emphasis on how modifications to mRNAs within the brain contribute to synaptic activity.

中文翻译：

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转录组和突触可塑性。

RNA修饰（统称为“表观转录组”）最近已成为细胞mRNA的普遍特征，对基因表达有多种影响。在过去的几年中，技术进步提高了我们识别mRNA修饰的能力，并发现了添加和去除这些标记的蛋白质，从而大大扩展了我们对表观转录组如何影响基因表达的知识。揭示mRNA修饰功能的作用的努力已开始揭示神经系统中某些标记的重要作用，并且出现了动物模型，这些动物模型表明了因mRNA修饰机制的丧失而导致的严重的神经发育和神经认知异常。在这里，我们回顾了神经上皮转录组学领域的最新进展，