The human lung is continually exposed to airborne conidia of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus (AF) and related species. The innate immune system efficiently eliminates inhaled AF conidia from the lung in normal individuals, but immunocompromised patients are at risk for highly lethal invasive aspergillosis (IA). Some individuals not at risk for IA may still suffer from failed clearance of AF in the form of noninvasive colonization associated with conditions such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Understanding of normal innate immune function against AF as well as failures of these functions will enable better treatment of these patient groups. In this review, we will focus on recent research that elucidates mechanisms of host defense and their failures resulting in colonization as well as tissue invasion.

中文翻译：

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对抗烟曲霉肺部定植和侵袭的宿主防御机制。

人的肺不断暴露于烟曲霉（AF）和相关物种的空气传播的分生孢子。先天性免疫系统有效地消除了正常人从肺部吸入的AF分生孢子，但免疫力低下的患者有高度致命的浸润性曲霉病（IA）的风险。一些未患IA风险的个体仍可能以与症状性支气管肺曲霉菌病等病症相关的非侵入性定植形式遭受AF清除失败。了解正常的针对AF的先天免疫功能以及这些功能的衰竭将使这些患者群体得到更好的治疗。在这篇综述中，我们将专注于阐明宿主防御机制及其导致定植和组织入侵的失败的最新研究。