Background

Identification of the low abundance of phytochemicals in plant extracts is very difficult. Pharmacological activity observed in such plants is not due to a single compound. In most cases, plant extracts show activity based on synergistic or antagonistic effects. Therefore, the idea of a holistic approach is more rational.

Purpose

This study was planned to compare the metabolomics and proteomics profiles of Valeriana officinalis L. (Valerianaceae), Melissa officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) and Passiflora incarnata L. (Passifloraceae) used in sedative anxiolytic and sleep disorders. Integrated omics analyses were used to provide a better understanding of the effect of plant extracts on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression levels on the SH-SY5Y cell line by a holistic approach.

Methods

Metabolomic profiling of the plants was performed using the GC–MS and LC-qTOF-MS systems, and the proteomics analysis using the LC-qTOF-MS system after trypsin digestion. The Human BDNF Quantikine ELISA kit was utilized to test BDNF expression activity on the SH-SY5Y cell line.

Results

The investigated plant extracts showed a significant increase in BDNF expression (p < 0.05). M. officinalis was found as the most active extract. According to the correlation analyses between BDNF activity and metabolomics or proteomics level, 94 metabolites had a positive correlation while 23 metabolites had a highly negative correlation; those for proteins are 24 and 6, respectively.

Conclusion

The multivariate data analysis revealed a similar metabolomics profile of H. perforatum and P. incarnata, which also had a similar activity profile. Remarkably, all the primary metabolites belonging to the Krebs Cycle (citric acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, pyruvic acid, malic acid and citramalic acid, an analog of malic acid) were positively correlated with BDNF activity. Secondary metabolites with a high BDNF expression belonged to flavonoids, xanthone, coumarines, tannin, naphtalenes, terpenoids and carotenoid skeleton. Two proteins from the cytochrome P450 family (P450 71B11 and P450 94B3) were positively correlated with BDNF activity. Employing omics technologies in the plant research area will offer a better understanding of the role of plant extracts and may lead to the discovery of new compounds with specific activity.

中文翻译：

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一些药用植物的代谢组学和蛋白质组学概况及其与BDNF活性的关系。

背景

很难确定植物提取物中植物化学物质的含量低。在这种植物中观察到的药理活性不是由于单一化合物。在大多数情况下，植物提取物显示出基于协同或拮抗作用的活性。因此，整体方法的想法更加合理。

目的

计划进行这项研究以比较用于镇定性抗焦虑和睡眠障碍的缬草（Valerianaceae），蜜蜂花（Melissa officinalis L.（Lamiaceae），贯叶连翘（Hypericaceae）和西番莲（Passiflora incarnata L.（Passifloraceae））的代谢组学和蛋白质组学特征。。集成的组学分析用于通过整体方法更好地了解植物提取物对SH-SY5Y细胞系中脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）表达水平的影响。

方法

用胰蛋白酶消化后，使用GC-MS和LC-qTOF-MS系统进行植物的代谢组学分析，并使用LC-qTOF-MS系统进行蛋白质组学分析。人类BDNF Quantikine ELISA试剂盒用于测试SH-SY5Y细胞系上的BDNF表达活性。

结果

研究的植物提取物显示BDNF表达显着增加（p  <0.05）。发现山茱off是最活跃的提取物。根据BDNF活性与代谢组学或蛋白质组学水平的相关性分析，有94种代谢物呈正相关，而有23种代谢物呈负相关。蛋白质的分别是24和6。

结论

多变量数据分析显示了类似的代谢轮廓贯叶连翘和P.兴山，它也具有类似的活动配置文件。值得注意的是，所有属于克雷布斯循环的主要代谢产物（柠檬酸，富马酸，琥珀酸，丙酮酸，苹果酸和柠檬酸，苹果酸的类似物）均与BDNF活性呈正相关。BDNF高表达的次生代谢产物属于类黄酮，黄酮，香豆素，单宁，萘，萜类和类胡萝卜素骨架。来自细胞色素P450家族的两种蛋白质（P450 71B11和P450 94B3）与BDNF活性呈正相关。在植物研究领域中使用组学技术将提供对植物提取物作用的更好理解，并可能导致发现具有特定活性的新化合物。