OBJECTIVE There are historical and theoretical indications of a difference in subjective experience between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the schizophrenia spectrum. However, this difference has not been empirically explored. Therefore, to explore potential differences in subjective experience between the 2 spectra, we examined the presence/absence of self-disorders in Asperger syndrome/autism spectrum disorder (As/ASD) compared to schizotypal disorder (Sd). Self-disorders represent changes in basic self-awareness which have been found to accumulate within the schizophrenia spectrum. METHODS All participants were recruited from clinical units and interviewed with a focus on the exploration of presence/absence of self-disorders, with the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE) scale, and a general assessment of present psychopathology, with Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). RESULTS A total of 51 participants (As/ASD, n = 22; Sd, n = 29) were included in the statistical analyses. When controlling for age, gender, years of education, mental problems before the age of 16, and special needs school attendance, there was a clear difference in presence/absence of self-disorders between the 2 groups, with significantly higher levels in the Sd group. Further, there was an overlap in SCAN-rated symptoms between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION Our results indicate a significant difference between As/ASD and Sd at the level of the basic self, which, in turn, indicates that an exploration of anomalous self-experience is a valuable supplement in the clinical differentiation between As/ASD and Sd.

中文翻译：

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阿斯伯格综合症的自我障碍与精神分裂症的比较：一项临床研究。

目的 历史和理论迹象表明自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和精神分裂症谱系之间的主观体验存在差异。然而，这种差异尚未经过实证研究。因此，为了探索这两个谱系之间主观体验的潜在差异，我们检查了阿斯伯格综合征/自闭症谱系障碍（As/ASD）与精神分裂症（Sd）相比是否存在自我障碍。自我紊乱代表了基本自我意识的变化，这些变化被发现在精神分裂症谱系中积累。方法 所有参与者都是从临床单位招募的，并接受采访，重点是通过异常自我体验检查（EASE）量表探索自我障碍的存在/不存在，并对目前的精神病理学进行一般评估，并附有临床时间表神经精神病学评估（SCAN）。结果 统计分析中总共包括 51 名参与者（As/ASD，n = 22；Sd，n = 29）。当控制年龄、性别、受教育年限、16岁之前的精神问题和特殊需要学校出勤率时，两组之间存在/不存在自我障碍存在明显差异，其中Sd水平显着较高团体。此外，两组之间的扫描评定症状存在重叠。结论我们的结果表明As/ASD和Sd在基本自我水平上存在显着差异，这反过来表明对异常自我体验的探索是临床区分As/ASD和Sd的有价值的补充。