Recently, 3D graphene-based macrostructures (3D GBMs) have gained increased attention due to their immense application potential in water treatment. The unique structural features (e.g., large surface area and physically interconnected porous network) as well as fascinating properties (e.g., high electrical conductivity, excellent chemical/thermal stability, ultralightness, and high solar-to-thermal conversion efficiency) render 3D GBMs as promising materials for water purification through adsorption, capacitive deionization, and solar distillation. Moreover, 3D GBMs can serve as scaffolds to immobilize powder nanomaterials to build monolithic adsorbents and photo-/electrocatalysts, which significantly broadens their potential applications in water treatment. Here, recent advances in their synthesis and application toward water purification are highlighted. Remaining challenges and future perspectives are elaborated to highlight future research directions.

中文翻译：

---

用于水处理的基于3D石墨烯的宏观结构。

近来，基于3D石墨烯的宏观结构（3D GBM）由于其在水处理中的巨大应用潜力而受到越来越多的关注。独特的结构特征（例如，大表面积和物理互连的多孔网络）以及引人入胜的特性（例如，高电导率，出色的化学/热稳定性，超轻度和高的太阳热转换效率）使3D GBM成为通过吸附，电容去离子和太阳蒸馏来提纯水的有前途的材料。此外，3D GBM可以用作固定粉末纳米材料的支架，以构建整体式吸附剂和光/电催化剂，这极大地扩展了其在水处理中的潜在应用。这里，突出了其合成和在水净化方面的最新进展。阐述了剩余的挑战和未来的观点，以突出未来的研究方向。