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Augmentation of Extinction and Inhibitory Learning in Anxiety and Trauma-Related Disorders.
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology ( IF 18.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-08 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095634
Lauren A M Lebois 1 , Antonia V Seligowski 1 , Jonathan D Wolff 1 , Sarah B Hill 1 , Kerry J Ressler 1
Affiliation  

Although the fear response is an adaptive response to threatening situations, a number of psychiatric disorders feature prominent fear-related symptoms caused, in part, by failures of extinction and inhibitory learning. The translational nature of fear conditioning paradigms has enabled us to develop a nuanced understanding of extinction and inhibitory learning based on the molecular substrates to systems neural circuitry and psychological mechanisms. This knowledge has facilitated the development of novel interventions that may augment extinction and inhibitory learning. These interventions include nonpharmacological techniques, such as behavioral methods to implement during psychotherapy, as well as device-based stimulation techniques that enhance or reduce activity in different regions of the brain. There is also emerging support for a number of psychopharmacological interventions that may augment extinction and inhibitory learning specifically if administered in conjunction with exposure-based psychotherapy. This growing body of research may offer promising novel techniques to address debilitating transdiagnostic fear-related symptoms.

中文翻译:

增强焦虑和创伤相关疾病的消退和抑制学习。

尽管恐惧反应是对威胁情况的适应性反应,但许多精神疾病的特征是与恐惧相关的突出症状,部分原因是灭绝和抑制性学习的失败。恐惧条件范式的转化性质使我们能够基于系统神经回路和心理机制的分子底物对灭绝和抑制性学习进行细致入微的理解。这些知识促进了新干预措施的发展,这些干预措施可能会增加消退和抑制性学习。这些干预措施包括非药物技术,例如在心理治疗期间实施的行为方法,以及增强或减少大脑不同区域活动的基于设备的刺激技术。一些精神药理学干预措施也出现了新的支持,如果与基于暴露的心理治疗结合使用,这些干预措施可能会增加灭绝和抑制性学习。越来越多的研究可能会提供有前途的新技术来解决令人衰弱的跨诊断恐惧相关症状。
更新日期:2020-04-21
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