Suicide is the second leading cause of death worldwide for adolescents. Despite decades of research on correlates and risk factors for adolescent suicide, we know little about why suicidal ideation and behavior frequently emerge in adolescence and how to predict, and ultimately prevent, suicidal behavior among youths. In this review, we first discuss knowledge regarding correlates, risk factors, and theories of suicide. We then review why adolescence is a period of unique vulnerability, given changing biology and social network reorganization. Next, we present a conceptual model through which to interpret emerging findings in adolescent suicide research. We suggest that a promising area for future research is to examine adolescent suicide as a failure of biological responses to acute stress in the proximal moments of a suicidal crisis. After reviewing initial evidence for this conceptualization, we review future directions for studies on adolescent suicide.

中文翻译：

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青少年自杀是急性应激反应系统的失败。

自杀是全球青少年死亡的第二大主要原因。尽管对青少年自杀的相关性和危险因素进行了数十年的研究，但我们对为何自杀观念和行为经常在青少年中出现以及如何预测并最终预防青少年自杀行为的了解甚少。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论有关关联，危险因素和自杀理论的知识。然后，鉴于生物学和社会网络的变化，我们将回顾为什么青春期是一个独特的脆弱时期。接下来，我们提出一个概念模型，通过该模型来解释青少年自杀研究中出现的新发现。我们建议未来研究的一个有希望的领域是研究自杀自杀的近端瞬间青少年自杀是对急性应激的生物学反应的失败。