Background:Arsenic exposure has been related to numerous adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional and prospective association between arsenic exposure with echocardiographic measures of left ventricular (LV) geometry and functioning.Methods:A total of 1337 young adult participants free of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease were recruited from the SHFS (Strong Heart Family Study). The sum of inorganic and methylated arsenic concentrations in urine (ΣAs) at baseline was used as a biomarker of arsenic exposure. LV geometry and functioning were assessed using transthoracic echocardiography at baseline and follow-up.Results:Mean follow-up was 5.6 years, and median (interquartile range) of ΣAs was 4.2 (2.8–6.9) µg/g creatinine. Increased arsenic exposure was associated with prevalent LV hypertrophy, with an odds ratio (95% CI) per a 2-fold increase in ΣAs of 1.47 (1.05–2.08) in all participants and of 1.58 (1.04–2.41) among prehypertensive or hypertensive individuals. Measures of LV geometry, including LV mass index, left atrial systolic diameter, interventricular septum, and LV posterior wall thickness, were positively and significantly related to arsenic exposure. Among measures of LV functioning, stroke volume, and ejection fraction were associated with arsenic exposure.Conclusions:Arsenic exposure was related to an increase in LV wall thickness and LV hypertrophy in young American Indians with a low burden of cardiovascular risk factors. The relationship was stronger in participants with prehypertension or hypertension, suggesting that potential cardiotoxic effects of arsenic might be more pronounced in individuals already undergoing cardiovascular adaptive mechanisms following elevated systemic blood pressure.

中文翻译：

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青年人砷暴露与心脏几何形状和左心室功能的关系。

背景：砷暴露已与许多不良心血管后果相关。这项研究的目的是探讨砷暴露与超声心动图测量左心室（LV）几何形状和功能之间的横断面和前瞻性关联。方法：从该研究中招募了1337名无糖尿病和心血管疾病的年轻成年人SHFS（强心家庭研究）。基线时尿液中的无机和甲基化砷浓度总和（ΣAs）被用作砷暴露的生物标志物。结果：平均随访时间为5.6年，ΣAs的中位数（四分位间距）为4.2（2.8-6.9）µg / g肌酐。砷暴露增加与普遍的左室肥大有关，所有参与者的ΣAs比值每增加2倍，比值比（95％CI）为1.47（1.05-2.08），而在高血压或高血压个体中，砷的增加率为1.58（1.04-2.41） 。左心室几何形状的测量，包括左心室质量指数，左心室收缩直径，室间隔和左心室后壁厚度，与砷暴露呈正相关且显着相关。结论：砷暴露与低心血管危险因素负担的年轻美洲印第安人的左室壁厚和左室肥大有关。患有高血压前期或高血压的参与者之间的关系更强，