We developed a MRI protocol using transverse (T2) and longitudinal (T1) mapping sequences to characterise lung structural changes in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We prospectively enrolled 61 infants to perform 3-Tesla MRI of the lung in quiet sleep. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic Group Lasso regression and logistic regression. Increased lung T2 relaxation time and decreased lung T1 relaxation time indicated BPD yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.80. Results were confirmed in an independent study cohort (AUC 0.75) and mirrored by lung function testing, indicating the high potential for MRI in future BPD diagnostics. Trial registration DRKS00004600.

中文翻译：

---

MRI 中弛豫时间的改变表明支气管肺发育不良

我们开发了一种 MRI 协议，使用横向 (T2) 和纵向 (T1) 映射序列来表征早产儿支气管肺发育不良 (BPD) 的肺结构变化。我们前瞻性地招募了 61 名婴儿在安静的睡眠中进行肺部 3-特斯拉 MRI。使用logistic Group Lasso回归和logistic回归进行统计分析。增加的肺 T2 弛豫时间和减少的肺 T1 弛豫时间表明 BPD 产生的曲线下面积 (AUC) 为 0.80。结果在独立研究队列 (AUC 0.75) 中得到证实，并通过肺功能测试反映出来，表明 MRI 在未来 BPD 诊断中具有很高的潜力。试用注册 DRKS00004600。