Decellularization aims to remove cells from tissue ultrastructure while preserving the mechanical and biological properties, which makes the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) an appropriate scaffold for tissue engineering applications. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology as a reproducible and accurate method can print the combination of ECM and autologous cells layer by layer to fabricate patient based cell-laden structures representing the intrinsic cues of natural ECM. This review defines ECM, classifies decellularization agents and techniques, and explains different sources of ECM. Then, bioprinting techniques, bioink concept, applications of dECM bioinks, and finally the future perspectives of 3d bioprinting technology are discussed.

中文翻译：

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去细胞 ECM 衍生的生物墨水：未来的前景

脱细胞旨在从组织超微结构中去除细胞，同时保留机械和生物学特性，这使得脱细胞细胞外基质 (dECM) 成为组织工程应用的合适支架。三维 (3D) 生物打印技术作为一种可重复且准确的方法，可以逐层打印 ECM 和自体细胞的组合，以制造代表自然 ECM 内在线索的基于患者的细胞结构。这篇综述定义了 ECM，对脱细胞剂和技术进行了分类，并解释了 ECM 的不同来源。然后，讨论了生物打印技术、生物墨水概念、dECM 生物墨水的应用，最后讨论了 3d 生物打印技术的未来前景。