Plant mitochondria play a major role during respiration by producing the ATP required for metabolism and growth. ATP is produced during oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), a metabolic pathway coupling electron transfer with ADP phosphorylation via the formation and release of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The OXPHOS system is composed of large, multiprotein complexes coordinating metal-containing cofactors for the transfer of electrons. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about assembly of the OXPHOS complexes in land plants. We present the different steps involved in the formation of functional complexes and the regulatory mechanisms controlling the assembly pathways. Because several assembly steps have been found to be ancestral in plants-compared with those described in fungal and animal models-we discuss the evolutionary dynamics that lead to the conservation of ancestral pathways in land plant mitochondria.

中文翻译：

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陆地植物线粒体氧化磷酸化系统复合物的组装

植物线粒体通过产生代谢和生长所需的 ATP 在呼吸过程中发挥重要作用。ATP 是在氧化磷酸化 (OXPHOS) 过程中产生的，氧化磷酸化是一种代谢途径，通过跨线粒体内膜形成和释放质子梯度，将电子转移与 ADP 磷酸化相结合。OXPHOS 系统由大型多蛋白复合物组成，这些复合物与用于电子转移的含金属辅因子相协调。在这篇综述中，我们总结了陆地植物中 OXPHOS 复合物组装的知识现状。我们介绍了功能复合物形成所涉及的不同步骤以及控制组装途径的调节机制。