Resident memory T (Trm) cells stably occupy tissues and cannot be sampled in superficial venous blood. Trm cells are heterogeneous but collectively constitute the most abundant memory T cell subset. Trm cells form an integral part of the immune sensing network, monitor for local perturbations in homeostasis throughout the body, participate in protection from infection and cancer, and likely promote autoimmunity, allergy, and inflammatory diseases and impede successful transplantation. Thus Trm cells are major candidates for therapeutic manipulation. Here we review CD8+ and CD4+ Trm ontogeny, maintenance, function, and distribution within lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues and strategies for their study. We briefly discuss other resident leukocyte populations, including innate lymphoid cells, macrophages, natural killer and natural killer T cells, nonclassical T cells, and memory B cells. Lastly, we highlight major gaps in knowledge and propose ways in which a deeper understanding could result in new methods to prevent or treat diverse human diseases.

中文翻译：

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组织驻留性T细胞和其他驻留性白细胞。

居民记忆T（Trm）细胞稳定地占据组织，不能在浅静脉血中取样。Trm细胞是异质的，但共同构成了记忆T细胞最丰富的子集。Trm细胞构成免疫感应网络的组成部分，监视整个体内稳态的局部扰动，参与保护免受感染和癌症的侵害，并可能促进自身免疫，变态反应和炎症性疾病，并阻碍成功的移植。因此，Trm细胞是治疗操纵的主要候选者。在这里，我们回顾了CD8 +和CD4 + Trm的个体发育，维持，功能以及在淋巴组织和非淋巴组织内的分布及其研究策略。我们简要讨论了其他常驻白细胞种群，包括先天性淋巴样细胞，巨噬细胞，自然杀手和自然杀手T细胞，非经典T细胞和记忆B细胞。最后，我们强调了知识上的主要差距，并提出了加深了解可以导致预防或治疗多种人类疾病的新方法的方式。