Mast cell (MC) mediator release after crosslinking of surface-bound IgE antibody by ingested antigen underlies food allergy. However, IgE antibodies are not uniformly associated with food allergy, and intestinal MC load is an important determinant. Atopic dermatitis (AD), characterized by pruritis and cutaneous sensitization to allergens, including foods, is strongly associated with food allergy. Tape stripping mouse skin, a surrogate for scratching, caused expansion and activation of small intestinal MCs, increased intestinal permeability, and promoted food anaphylaxis in sensitized mice. Tape stripping caused keratinocytes to systemically release interleukin-33 (IL-33), which synergized with intestinal tuft-cell-derived IL-25 to drive the expansion and activation of intestinal type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). These provided IL-4, which targeted MCs to expand in the intestine. Duodenal MCs were expanded in AD. In addition to promoting cutaneous sensitization to foods, scratching may promote food anaphylaxis in AD by expanding and activating intestinal MCs.

中文翻译：

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机械性皮肤损伤通过驱动肠道肥大细胞扩张促进食物过敏反应。

摄入的抗原交联表面结合的 IgE 抗体后，肥大细胞 (MC) 介质释放是食物过敏的基础。然而，IgE 抗体与食物过敏的相关性并不一致，肠道 MC 负荷是一个重要的决定因素。特应性皮炎 (AD) 以瘙痒和皮肤对过敏原（包括食物）过敏为特征，与食物过敏密切相关。胶带剥离小鼠皮肤，一种抓挠的替代物，导致小肠 MCs 的扩张和活化，增加肠道通透性，并促进致敏小鼠的食物过敏反应。胶带剥离导致角质形成细胞系统地释放白细胞介素 33 (IL-33)，白细胞介素 33 (IL-33) 与肠簇细胞衍生的 IL-25 协同作用，驱动肠 2 型先天淋巴细胞 (ILC2s) 的扩张和活化。这些提供了 IL-4，其靶向MC在肠道中扩张。十二指肠 MC 在 AD 中扩大。除了促进皮肤对食物的敏感性外，搔抓可能通过扩张和激活肠道 MC 来促进 AD 中的食物过敏反应。