Brain Imaging of the Cortex in ADHD: A Coordinated Analysis of Large-Scale Clinical and Population-Based Samples.,American Journal of Psychiatry

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Brain Imaging of the Cortex in ADHD: A Coordinated Analysis of Large-Scale Clinical and Population-Based Samples.
American Journal of Psychiatry ( IF 17.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-24 , DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18091033
Martine Hoogman ₁ , Ryan Muetzel ₁ , Joao P Guimaraes ₁ , Elena Shumskaya ₁ , Maarten Mennes ₁ , Marcel P Zwiers ₁ , Neda Jahanshad ₁ , Gustavo Sudre ₁ , Thomas Wolfers ₁ , Eric A Earl ₁ , Juan Carlos Soliva Vila ₁ , Yolanda Vives-Gilabert ₁ , Sabin Khadka ₁ , Stephanie E Novotny ₁ , Catharina A Hartman ₁ , Dirk J Heslenfeld ₁ , Lizanne J S Schweren ₁ , Sara Ambrosino ₁ , Bob Oranje ₁ , Patrick de Zeeuw ₁ , Tiffany M Chaim-Avancini ₁ , Pedro G P Rosa ₁ , Marcus V Zanetti ₁ , Charles B Malpas ₁ , Gregor Kohls ₁ , Georg G von Polier ₁ , Jochen Seitz ₁ , Joseph Biederman ₁ , Alysa E Doyle ₁ , Anders M Dale ₁ , Theo G M van Erp ₁ , Jeffery N Epstein ₁ , Terry L Jernigan ₁ , Ramona Baur-Streubel ₁ , Georg C Ziegler ₁ , Kathrin C Zierhut ₁ , Anouk Schrantee ₁ , Marie F Høvik ₁ , Astri J Lundervold ₁ , Clare Kelly ₁ , Hazel McCarthy ₁ , Norbert Skokauskas ₁ , Ruth L O'Gorman Tuura ₁ , Anna Calvo ₁ , Sara Lera-Miguel ₁ , Rosa Nicolau ₁ , Kaylita C Chantiluke ₁ , Anastasia Christakou ₁ , Alasdair Vance ₁ , Mara Cercignani ₁ , Matt C Gabel ₁ , Philip Asherson ₁ , Sarah Baumeister ₁ , Daniel Brandeis ₁ , Sarah Hohmann ₁ , Ivanei E Bramati ₁ , Fernanda Tovar-Moll ₁ , Andreas J Fallgatter ₁ , Bernd Kardatzki ₁ , Lena Schwarz ₁ , Anatoly Anikin ₁ , Alexandr Baranov ₁ , Tinatin Gogberashvili ₁ , Dmitry Kapilushniy ₁ , Anastasia Solovieva ₁ , Hanan El Marroun ₁ , Tonya White ₁ , Georgii Karkashadze ₁ , Leyla Namazova-Baranova ₁ , Thomas Ethofer ₁ , Paulo Mattos ₁ , Tobias Banaschewski ₁ , David Coghill ₁ , Kerstin J Plessen ₁ , Jonna Kuntsi ₁ , Mitul A Mehta ₁ , Yannis Paloyelis ₁ , Neil A Harrison ₁ , Mark A Bellgrove ₁ , Tim J Silk ₁ , Ana I Cubillo ₁ , Katya Rubia ₁ , Luisa Lazaro ₁ , Silvia Brem ₁ , Susanne Walitza ₁ , Thomas Frodl ₁ , Mariam Zentis ₁ , Francisco X Castellanos ₁ , Yuliya N Yoncheva ₁ , Jan Haavik ₁ , Liesbeth Reneman ₁ , Annette Conzelmann ₁ , Klaus-Peter Lesch ₁ , Paul Pauli ₁ , Andreas Reif ₁ , Leanne Tamm ₁ , Kerstin Konrad ₁ , Eileen Oberwelland Weiss ₁ , Geraldo F Busatto ₁ , Mario R Louza ₁ , Sarah Durston ₁ , Pieter J Hoekstra ₁ , Jaap Oosterlaan ₁ , Michael C Stevens ₁ , J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga ₁ , Oscar Vilarroya ₁ , Damien A Fair ₁ , Joel T Nigg ₁ , Paul M Thompson ₁ , Jan K Buitelaar ₁ , Stephen V Faraone ₁ , Philip Shaw ₁ , Henning Tiemeier ₁ , Janita Bralten ₁ , Barbara Franke ₁

Affiliation

The Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Hoogman, Guimaraes, Shumskaya, Wolfers, Bralten, Franke); the Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Hoogman, Shumskaya, Mennes, Wolfers, Buitelaar, Bralten, Franke); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Muetzel, El Marroun, White, Tiemeier); the Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Muetzel); the Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Guimaraes, Zwiers, Buitelaar); the Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, Calif. (Jahanshad, Thompson); National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Md. (Sudre, Shaw); the Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Earl, Fair, Nigg); the Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain (Soliva Vila, Ramos-Quiroga, Vilarroya); Instituto ITACA, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (Vives-Gilabert); the Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Conn. (Khadka, Novotny, Stevens); University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Groningen, the Netherlands (Hartman, Schweren); Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (Heslenfeld); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands (Hoekstra); NICHE Lab, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Ambrosino, Oranje, de Zeeuw, Durston); Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Chaim-Avancini, Rosa, Zanetti, Busatto); the Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Chaim-Avancini, Rosa, Zanetti, Busatto); the Developmental Imaging Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia (Malpas); the Clinical Outcomes Research Unit (CORe), Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Malpas); the Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Malpas); the Child Neuropsychology Section, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany (Kohls, Konrad; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany (Polier, Seitz); Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-Brain and Behavior (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany (Polier); the Clinical and Research Programs in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Biederman); the Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Biederman, Doyle); the Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Doyle); the Departments of Neurosciences, Radiology, and Psychiatry and the Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego (Dale); the Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine (van Erp); the Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati (Epstein, Tamm); the Center for Human Development, University of California San Diego, San Diego (Jernigan); the Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (Ziegler, Lesch); the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (Schrantee, Reneman); the Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Høvik); the Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (Høvik, Haavik); the Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Lundervold); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Lundervold, Haavik); the School of Psychology and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, and the Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Kelly); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York (Kelly, Castellanos, Yoncheva); the Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (McCarthy, Skokauskas, Frodl); the Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (McCarthy); the Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, NTNU, Norway, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway (Skokauskas); the Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, and the Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich (O'Gorman Tuura); Magnetic Resonance Image Core Facility, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (Calvo, Lazaro); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain (Lera-Miguel, Nicolau, Lazaro); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Chantiluke, Christakou, Cubillo, Rubia); the School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, University of Reading, Reading, U.K. (Christakou); the Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia (Vance, Coghill, Silk); the Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, U.K. (Cercignani, Gabel, Harrison); the Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Asherson, Kuntsi); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Baumeister, Brandeis, Hohmann, Banaschewski); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich (Brandeis, Brem, Walitza); the Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich (Brandeis, Brem, Walitza); the D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro (Bramati, Tovar-Moll, Mattos); the Morphological Sciences Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (Tovar-Moll); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (Fallgatter, Schwarz, Ethofer); LEAD Graduate School, University of Tübingen, Germany (Fallgatter); the Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (Kardatzki, Ethofer); the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Densitometry, Moscow (Anikin); the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow (Baranov, Solovieva); Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation, Central Clinical Hospital MSHE, Moscow (Namazova-Baranova); the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Laboratory of Neurology and Cognitive Health, Moscow (Gogberashvili, Karkashadze); the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Department of Information Technologies, Moscow (Kapilushniy); the Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (El Marroun); the Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (White); Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (Mattos); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Coghill); the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia (Coghill, Silk); the Division of Neuroscience, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K. (Coghill); the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Capital Region Copenhagen (Plessen); the Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland (Plessen); the Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Mehta, Paloyelis); Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Swandean, East Sussex, U.K. (Harrison); the Monash Institute for Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences (MICCN) and the School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (Bellgrove); Deakin University, School of Psychology, Geelong, Australia (Silk); the Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Lazaro); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany (Frodl); the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany (Frodl); Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, Germany (Zentis); the Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, N.Y. (Castellanos); the Brain Imaging Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (Reneman); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany (Conzelmann); the Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology, and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (Conzelmann, Pauli, Baur-Streubel, Zierhut); the Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow (Lesch); the Department of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Lesch); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (Reif); JARA Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (INM-11), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Germany (Konrad); Translational Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany (Oberwelland Weiss); Cognitive Neuroscience (INM-3), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Germany (Oberwelland Weiss); the Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Busatto, Louza); the Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam (Oosterlaan); Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam (Oosterlaan); the Department of Pediatrics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam (Oosterlaan); the Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Stevens); the Department of Psychiatry, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain (Ramos-Quiroga); Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain (Lazaro, Ramos-Quiroga); Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain (Vilarroya); the Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Fair, Nigg); Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Buitelaar); Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (Faraone); NIHM, Bethesda, Md. (Shaw); the Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (Tiemeier).

OBJECTIVE Neuroimaging studies show structural alterations of various brain regions in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although nonreplications are frequent. The authors sought to identify cortical characteristics related to ADHD using large-scale studies. METHODS Cortical thickness and surface area (based on the Desikan-Killiany atlas) were compared between case subjects with ADHD (N=2,246) and control subjects (N=1,934) for children, adolescents, and adults separately in ENIGMA-ADHD, a consortium of 36 centers. To assess familial effects on cortical measures, case subjects, unaffected siblings, and control subjects in the NeuroIMAGE study (N=506) were compared. Associations of the attention scale from the Child Behavior Checklist with cortical measures were determined in a pediatric population sample (Generation-R, N=2,707). RESULTS In the ENIGMA-ADHD sample, lower surface area values were found in children with ADHD, mainly in frontal, cingulate, and temporal regions; the largest significant effect was for total surface area (Cohen's d=-0.21). Fusiform gyrus and temporal pole cortical thickness was also lower in children with ADHD. Neither surface area nor thickness differences were found in the adolescent or adult groups. Familial effects were seen for surface area in several regions. In an overlapping set of regions, surface area, but not thickness, was associated with attention problems in the Generation-R sample. CONCLUSIONS Subtle differences in cortical surface area are widespread in children but not adolescents and adults with ADHD, confirming involvement of the frontal cortex and highlighting regions deserving further attention. Notably, the alterations behave like endophenotypes in families and are linked to ADHD symptoms in the population, extending evidence that ADHD behaves as a continuous trait in the population. Future longitudinal studies should clarify individual lifespan trajectories that lead to nonsignificant findings in adolescent and adult groups despite the presence of an ADHD diagnosis.

中文翻译：

ADHD皮质的大脑成像：大规模临床和人群样本的协调分析。

目的神经影像学研究显示患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和成人的大脑各区域结构发生改变，尽管这种重复非常频繁。作者试图通过大规模研究来确定与多动症相关的皮质特征。方法在财团法人ENIGMA-ADHD中，分别比较了儿童，青少年和成人的ADHD病例受试者（N = 2,246）和对照受试者（N = 1,934）之间的皮质厚度和表面积（基于Desikan-Killiany图集）。 36个中心。为了评估家族对皮质测量的影响，比较了NeuroIMAGE研究（N = 506）中的病例受试者，未受影响的兄弟姐妹和对照受试者。在儿童人群样本（Generation-R，N = 2,707）中确定了来自儿童行为清单的注意量表与皮层测量的关联。结果在ENIGMA-ADHD样本中，ADHD患儿的表面积较低，主要发生在额叶，扣带和颞叶区域。最大的显着影响是总表面积（Cohen d = -0.21）。多动症儿童的梭状回和颞极皮质厚度也较低。在青少年或成人组中均未发现表面积或厚度差异。在几个区域的表面积上都观察到了家族效应。在一组重叠的区域中，表面积而不是厚度与Generation-R样本中的注意力问题相关。结论在ADHD患儿中，皮质表面积存在细微差别，但在青少年和成年人中并不普遍，这证实额叶皮层受累并突出了值得进一步关注的区域。值得注意的是，这些改变的行为类似于家庭中的内表型，并与人群中的多动症症状相关，从而扩展了证据，证明多动症在人群中表现为连续性状。未来的纵向研究应阐明个体的寿命轨迹，尽管存在ADHD诊断，但导致青少年和成人组无明显发现。这些改变的表现像家庭中的内表型，并且与人群中的多动症症状相关，从而扩展了证据，证明多动症在人群中表现为连续性状。未来的纵向研究应阐明个体的寿命轨迹，尽管存在ADHD诊断，但导致青少年和成人组无明显发现。这些改变的表现像家庭中的内表型，并且与人群中的多动症症状相关，从而扩展了证据，证明多动症在人群中表现为连续性状。未来的纵向研究应阐明个体的寿命轨迹，尽管存在ADHD诊断，但导致青少年和成人组无明显发现。

更新日期：2019-07-01

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