Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils (EOs) from two Teucrium polium subspecies, to evaluate, also their antibacterial activities, against some nosocomial-bacteria. The phytochemical screening of essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). The antibacterial activities were assessed by disc diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter koseri and Acinetobacter baumannii) and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The antioxidant potential was evaluated in vitro by three assays, namely free radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl (DPPH), ferric reducing activity power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity. Twenty-six components were identified in the EO of Teucrium polium subsp. aurum representing. Its major component was Caryophyllene (19.13%) followed by γ-Muurolene (13.02%), τ-cadinol, (11.01%), α-Gurjunene (9.2%), Rosifoliol (8.79%), 3-Carene (7.04%). However, twenty two components were identified in the EO of T. polium subsp. polium. Its major components are 3-carene (16.49%), γ-Muurolene (14.03%), α-pinene (9.94%), α-phellandrene (6.93%) and Caryophyllene (7.51%). The antibacterial activity of both essential oils showed a higher activity against tested nosocomial bacteria especially against S. aureus and A. baumannii. The EO of T. polium subsp. aureum showed better antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH and FRAP assays with IC50 values of 3.7 ± 0.2 mg/ml and 2.31 ± 0.11 mg/ml, respectively. The total antioxidant capacity assay showed that T. polium subsp. aureum had a significant activity with value to 3308.27 mg equivalent to ascorbic acid/g of EO. The Moroccan T. polium essential oils could be exploited as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of several infectious diseases caused by bacteria, especially, those who have developed resistance to conventional antibiotics.

中文翻译：

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两种摩洛哥 Teucrium polium L. 亚种的植物化学、抗氧化和抗菌活性：预防医院感染的方法

摘要 本研究的目的是确定来自两个 Teucrium polium 亚种的精油 (EOs) 的化学成分和抗氧化活性，以评估它们对某些医院细菌的抗菌活性。使用气相色谱-火焰离子化检测器 (GC-FID) 和气相色谱-质谱分析 (GC-MS) 分析精油的植物化学筛选。通过圆盘扩散法和最小抑菌浓度 (MIC) 评估对革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、科氏柠檬酸杆菌和鲍曼不动杆菌）和革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性。通过三种测定法在体外评估抗氧化潜力，即针对 1 的自由基清除活性，1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl (DPPH)、铁还原活性能力 (FRAP) 和总抗氧化能力。在 Teucrium polium subsp 的 EO 中鉴定了 26 种成分。金代表。其主要成分是石竹烯 (19.13%)，其次是 γ-Muurolene (13.02%)、τ-cadinol (11.01%)、α-Gurjunene (9.2%)、Rosifoliol (8.79%)、3-Carene (7.04%)。然而，在 T. polium subsp. 的 EO 中鉴定了 22 种成分。Polium。其主要成分是 3-蒎烯 (16.49%)、γ-Muurolene (14.03%)、α-蒎烯 (9.94%)、α-水芹烯 (6.93%) 和石竹烯 (7.51%)。两种精油的抗菌活性均显示出对所测试的医院细菌的更高活性，尤其是对金黄色葡萄球菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。T. polium subsp. 的 EO。通过 DPPH 和 FRAP 测定，金黄色葡萄球菌显示出更好的抗氧化活性，IC50 值分别为 3.7 ± 0.2 mg/ml 和 2.31 ± 0.11 mg/ml。总抗氧化能力测定表明 T. polium subsp。aureum 具有显着的活性，其值为 3308.27 mg 相当于抗坏血酸/g EO。摩洛哥 T. polium 精油可用作抗菌剂，用于治疗由细菌引起的多种传染病，尤其是那些对传统抗生素产生抗药性的传染病。