Coronal bright points (CBPs) are a fundamental class of solar activity. They represent a set of low-corona small-scale loops with enhanced emission in the extreme-ultraviolet and X-ray spectrum that connect magnetic flux concentrations of opposite polarities. CBPs are one of the main building blocks of the solar atmosphere outside active regions uniformly populating the solar atmosphere including active region latitudes and coronal holes. Their plasma properties classify them as downscaled active regions. Most importantly, their simple structure and short lifetimes of less than 20 h that allow to follow their full lifetime evolution present a unique opportunity to investigate outstanding questions in solar physics including coronal heating. The present Living Review is the first review of this essential class of solar phenomena and aims to give an overview of the current knowledge about the CBP general, plasma and magnetic properties. Several transient dynamic phenomena associated with CBPs are also briefly introduced. The observationally derived energetics and the theoretical modelling that aims at explaining the CBP formation and eruptive behaviour are reviewed.

日冕亮点（CBP）是太阳活动的一类基本类型。它们代表一组低电晕小规模环路，在极紫外和 X 射线光谱中具有增强的发射，连接相反极性的磁通量集中。 CBP 是活动区域外太阳大气的主要组成部分之一，均匀地分布在太阳大气中，包括活动区域纬度和冕洞。它们的等离子体特性将它们归类为缩小的活性区域。最重要的是，它们的结构简单，寿命短，不到 20 小时，可以跟踪其整个生命周期的演化，为研究包括日冕加热在内的太阳物理学中的突出问题提供了独特的机会。本《生活评论》是对此类基本太阳现象的首次评论，旨在概述有关 CBP 一般、等离子体和磁性的当前知识。还简要介绍了与 CBP 相关的几种瞬态动态现象。回顾了观测得出的能量学和旨在解释 CBP 形成和喷发行为的理论模型。