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Diet May Drive Influenza A Virus Exposure in African Mammals.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 , DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz032
Eirini-Sanatana Soilemetzidou 1 , Erwin De Bruin 2 , Mathias Franz 1 , Ortwin H K Aschenborn 3 , Guus F Rimmelzwaan 2, 4 , Ruud van Beek 2 , Marion Koopmans 2 , Alex D Greenwood 1, 5 , Gábor Á Czirják 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Influenza A viruses (IAVs) represent repeatedly emerging pathogens with near worldwide distribution and an unclear nonavian-host spectrum. While the natural hosts for IAV are among waterfowl species, certain mammals can be productively infected. Southern Africa is home to diverse avian and mammalian fauna for which almost no information exists on IAV dynamics. METHODS We evaluated 111 serum samples from 14 mammalian species from Namibia for the presence of IAV-specific antibodies and tested whether host phylogeny, sociality, or diet influence viral prevalence and diversity. RESULTS Free-ranging African mammals are exposed to diverse IAV subtypes. Herbivores developed antibodies against 3 different hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes, at low prevalence, while carnivores showed a higher prevalence and diversity of HA-specific antibody responses against 11 different subtypes. Host phylogeny and sociality were not significantly associated with HA antibody prevalence or subtype diversity. Both seroprevalence and HA diversity were significantly increased in carnivores regularly feeding on birds. CONCLUSIONS The risk of infection and transmission may be driven by diet and ecological factors that increase contact with migratory and resident waterfowl. Consequently, wild mammals, particularly those that specialize on hunting and scavenging birds, could play an important but overlooked role in influenza epizootics.

中文翻译:

饮食可能导致非洲哺乳动物感染甲型流感。

背景技术甲型流感病毒(IAV)代表着反复出现的病原体,具有近乎全球范围的分布以及不清楚的非禽宿主谱。虽然IAV的天然寄主属于水禽物种,但某些哺乳动物可以受到生产性感染。南部非洲是鸟类和哺乳动物种类繁多的动物的家园,这些动物几乎没有关于IAV动态的信息。方法我们评估了来自纳米比亚14个哺乳动物物种的111份血清样品中IAV特异性抗体的存在,并测试了宿主的系统发育,社交性或饮食是否会影响病毒的流行和多样性。结果自由放养的非洲哺乳动物暴露于多种IAV亚型。草食动物针对低流行度的3种不同血凝素(HA)亚型开发了抗体,食肉动物对11种不同亚型的HA特异性抗体反应的发生率和多样性较高。宿主的系统发育和社交性与HA抗体的流行率或亚型多样性没有显着相关。定期以鸟类为食的食肉动物的血清阳性率和HA多样性均显着增加。结论饮食和生态因素可能增加感染与传播的风险,这些因素增加了与迁徙和居住水禽的接触。因此,野生哺乳动物,特别是那些专门从事狩猎和清理鸟类的哺乳动物,在流行病流行中可能扮演重要但被忽视的角色。定期以鸟类为食的食肉动物的血清阳性率和HA多样性均显着增加。结论饮食和生态因素可能增加感染与传播的风险,这些因素增加了与迁徙和居住水禽的接触。因此,野生哺乳动物,特别是那些专门从事狩猎和清理鸟类的哺乳动物,在流行病流行中可能扮演重要但被忽视的角色。定期以鸟类为食的食肉动物的血清阳性率和HA多样性均显着增加。结论饮食和生态因素可能增加感染与传播的风险,这些因素增加了与迁徙和居住水禽的接触。因此,野生哺乳动物,特别是那些专门从事狩猎和清理鸟类的哺乳动物,在流行病流行中可能扮演重要但被忽视的角色。
更新日期:2019-12-30
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