In this review, we examine the debate surrounding the role for organic agriculture in future food production systems. Typically represented as a binary organic–conventional question, this debate perpetuates an either/or mentality. We question this framing and examine the pitfalls of organic–conventional cropping systems comparisons. The review assesses current knowledge about how these cropping systems compare across a range of metrics related to four sustainability goals: productivity, environmental health, economic viability, and quality of life. We conclude by arguing for reframing the debate, recognizing that farming systems fall along gradients between three philosophical poles—industrial, agrarian, and ecological—and that different systems will be appropriate in different contexts. Despite evidence for lower yields in organic crop systems, we found considerable evidence for environmental and social benefits. Given these advantages, and the potential for improving organic systems, we echo calls for i...

中文翻译：

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有机和传统农业：有用的框架？

在这篇评论中，我们研究了围绕有机农业在未来粮食生产系统中的作用的争论。通常表现为一个二元有机 - 传统问题，这场辩论延续了非此即彼的心态。我们质疑这种框架并检查有机 - 传统种植系统比较的陷阱。该审查评估了有关这些种植系统如何在与四个可持续性目标相关的一系列指标之间进行比较的当前知识：生产力、环境健康、经济可行性和生活质量。最后，我们主张重新构建辩论，认识到农业系统沿着三个哲学极——工业、农业和生态——之间的梯度下降，并且不同的系统将适用于不同的环境。尽管有证据表明有机作物系统的产量较低，我们发现了大量的环境和社会效益证据。鉴于这些优势，以及改进有机系统的潜力，我们呼吁我...