The discharge of untreated septage is a major health hazard in countries that lack sewer systems and centralized sewage treatment. Small-scale, point-source treatment units are needed for water treatment and disinfection due to the distributed nature of this discharge, i.e., from single households or community toilets. In this study, a high-rate-wetland coupled with an electrochemical system was developed and demonstrated to treat septage at full scale. The full-scale wetland on average removed 79 ± 2% chemical oxygen demand (COD), 30 ± 5% total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), 58 ± 4% total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN), and 78 ± 4% ortho-phosphate. Pathogens such as coliforms were not fully removed after passage through the wetland. Therefore, the wetland effluent was subsequently treated with an electrochemical cell with a cation exchange membrane where the effluent first passed through the anodic chamber. This lead to in situ chlorine or other oxidant production under acidifying conditions. Upon a residence time of at least 6 h of this anodic effluent in a buffer tank, the fluid was sent through the cathodic chamber where pH neutralization occurred. Overall, the combined system removed 89 ± 1% COD, 36 ± 5% TKN, 70 ± 2% TAN, and 87 ± 2% ortho-phosphate. An average 5-log unit reduction in coliform was observed. The energy input for the integrated system was on average 16 ± 3 kWh/m³, and 11 kWh/m³ under optimal conditions. Further research is required to optimize the system in terms of stability and energy consumption.

在缺乏下水道系统和集中式污水处理的国家，未经处理的隔离物的排放是主要的健康危害。由于这种排放物的分布特性，即单户或社区厕所的排放，需要小型的点源处理装置进行水处理和消毒。在这项研究中，开发了高速率湿地和电化学系统，并证明了其可完全处理分离物。全面的湿地平均去除了79±2％的化学需氧量（COD），30±5％的凯氏氮（TKN），58±4％的总氨氮（TAN）和78±4％的正磷酸盐。诸如大肠菌之类的病原体在通过湿地后并未完全清除。所以，湿地废水随后用带有阳离子交换膜的电化学电池处理，废水首先通过阳极室。这导致在酸化条件下原位产生氯或其他氧化剂。在该阳极流出液在缓冲罐中停留至少6小时后，流体被送入发生pH中和的阴极室。总体而言，组合系统去除了89±1％的COD，36±5％TKN，70±2％TAN和87±2％的正磷酸盐。观察到大肠菌群平均减少了5个对数单位。集成系统的能量输入平均为16±3 kWh / m 在该阳极流出液在缓冲罐中停留至少6小时后，流体被送入发生pH中和的阴极室。总体而言，组合系统去除了89±1％的COD，36±5％TKN，70±2％TAN和87±2％的正磷酸盐。观察到大肠菌群平均减少了5个对数单位。集成系统的能量输入平均为16±3 kWh / m 在该阳极流出液在缓冲罐中停留至少6小时后，流体被送入发生pH中和的阴极室。总体而言，组合系统去除了89±1％的COD，36±5％TKN，70±2％TAN和87±2％的正磷酸盐。观察到大肠菌群平均减少了5-log单位。集成系统的能量输入平均为16±3 kWh / m³和11 kWh / m ³在最佳条件下。需要就稳定性和能耗方面进行进一步研究以优化系统。