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Branched Chain Amino Acids.
Annual Review of Physiology ( IF 18.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-28 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-020518-114455
Michael Neinast 1 , Danielle Murashige 1 , Zoltan Arany 1
Affiliation  

Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are building blocks for all life-forms. We review here the fundamentals of BCAA metabolism in mammalian physiology. Decades of studies have elicited a deep understanding of biochemical reactions involved in BCAA catabolism. In addition, BCAAs and various catabolic products act as signaling molecules, activating programs ranging from protein synthesis to insulin secretion. How these processes are integrated at an organismal level is less clear. Inborn errors of metabolism highlight the importance of organismal regulation of BCAA physiology. More recently, subtle alterations of BCAA metabolism have been suggested to contribute to numerous prevalent diseases, including diabetes, cancer, and heart failure. Understanding the mechanisms underlying altered BCAA metabolism and how they contribute to disease pathophysiology will keep researchers busy for the foreseeable future.

中文翻译:

支链氨基酸。

支链氨基酸 (BCAA) 是所有生命形式的组成部分。我们在此回顾哺乳动物生理学中支链氨基酸代谢的基础知识。数十年的研究使人们对支链氨基酸分解代谢中涉及的生化反应有了深入的了解。此外,支链氨基酸和各种分解代谢产物充当信号分子,激活从蛋白质合成到胰岛素分泌的程序。这些过程如何在有机体水平上整合尚不清楚。先天性代谢缺陷凸显了 BCAA 生理机能调节的重要性。最近,BCAA 代谢的微妙改变被认为会导致许多流行疾病,包括糖尿病、癌症和心力衰竭。了解支链氨基酸代谢改变的机制以及它们如何影响疾病病理生理学将使研究人员在可预见的未来保持忙碌。
更新日期:2019-02-11
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