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Solvent-deficient synthesis of cerium oxide: Characterization and kinetics
Ceramics International ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.02.052
Saša Zeljković , Dijana Jelić , Hiraku Maruyama , Juan C. Nino

Abstract The reaction mechanism and kinetics of CeO2 synthesis using a solvent-deficient method are investigated by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)/differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The decomposition process of the cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate and ammonium bicarbonate precursor mixture with four observed stages is monitored using TGA/DSC measurements in a nonisothermal regime with heating rates of 5, 10, 15 and 20 °C min−1. The proposed mechanism indicates a complex synthesis with several parallel reactions, some of which occur at room temperature. A detailed kinetic analysis is performed using isoconversional (expanded Friedman, modified Coats-Redfern and Kissinger) and model fitting (Nth order and nucleation and growth models) methods. The first three stages are best described by the Nth order model with activation energy values of 21, 53 and 90 kJ mol−1. The last stage, during which ammonium nitrate decomposition occurs, is best fit by the nucleation and growth model and has an activation energy of 129 kJ mol−1. The proposed mechanism, supported by the kinetic analysis in our study, indicates that CeO2 has already formed before the reaction reaches 200 °C. The average crystallite size of CeO2 synthesized at 300 °C, which was calculated from the XRD measurements and observed in the SEM and TEM data, is between 10 and 20 nm.

中文翻译:

氧化铈的溶剂不足合成:表征和动力学

摘要 通过同时热重分析 (TGA)/差示扫描量热法 (DSC)、X 射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和透射电子显微镜研究了使用溶剂缺陷法合成 CeO2 的反应机理和动力学。 (TEM)。六水合硝酸铈 (III) 和碳酸氢铵前体混合物的分解过程具有四个观察阶段,使用 TGA/DSC 测量在非等温状态下以 5、10、15 和 20 °C min-1 的加热速率进行监测。所提出的机制表明具有多个平行反应的复杂合成,其中一些在室温下发生。使用等转化(扩展的弗里德曼,改进的 Coats-Redfern 和 Kissinger)和模型拟合(N 阶和成核和生长模型)方法。前三个阶段最好由 N 阶模型描述,活化能值为 21、53 和 90 kJ mol-1。最后一个阶段发生硝酸铵分解,最适合成核和生长模型,活化能为 129 kJ mol-1。所提出的机理得到我们研究中动力学分析的支持,表明在反应达到 200 °C 之前,CeO2 已经形成。在 300 °C 下合成的 CeO2 的平均微晶尺寸(从 XRD 测量计算并在 SEM 和 TEM 数据中观察到)在 10 到 20 nm 之间。最后一个阶段发生硝酸铵分解,最适合成核和生长模型,活化能为 129 kJ mol-1。所提出的机理得到我们研究中动力学分析的支持,表明在反应达到 200 °C 之前,CeO2 已经形成。在 300 °C 下合成的 CeO2 的平均微晶尺寸(从 XRD 测量计算并在 SEM 和 TEM 数据中观察到)在 10 到 20 nm 之间。最后一个阶段发生硝酸铵分解,最适合成核和生长模型,活化能为 129 kJ mol-1。所提出的机理得到我们研究中动力学分析的支持,表明在反应达到 200 °C 之前,CeO2 已经形成。在 300 °C 下合成的 CeO2 的平均微晶尺寸(从 XRD 测量计算并在 SEM 和 TEM 数据中观察到)在 10 到 20 nm 之间。
更新日期:2019-06-01
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