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Volatile monoterpene ‘fingerprints’ of resinous Protium tree species in the Amazon rainforest
Phytochemistry ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.01.014
Luani R.de O. Piva , Kolby J. Jardine , Bruno O. Gimenez , Ricardo de Oliveira Perdiz , Valdiek S. Menezes , Flávia M. Durgante , Leticia O. Cobello , Niro Higuchi , Jeffrey Q. Chambers

Volatile terpenoid resins represent a diverse group of plant defense chemicals involved in defense against herbivory, abiotic stress, and communication. However, their composition in tropical forests remains poorly characterized. As a part of tree identification, the 'smell' of damaged trunks is widely used, but is highly subjective. Here, we analyzed trunk volatile monoterpene emissions from 15 species of the genus Protium in the central Amazon. By normalizing the abundances of 28 monoterpenes, 9 monoterpene 'fingerprint' patterns emerged, characterized by a distinct dominant monoterpene. While 4 of the 'fingerprint' patterns were composed of multiple species, 5 were composed of a single species. Moreover, among individuals of the same species, 6 species had a single 'fingerprint' pattern, while 9 species had two or more 'fingerprint' patterns among individuals. A comparison of 'fingerprints' between 2015 and 2017 from 15 individuals generally showed excellent agreement, demonstrating a strong dependence on species identity, but not time of collection. The results are consistent with a previous study that found multiple divergent copies of monoterpene synthase enzymes in Protium. We conclude that the monoterpene 'fingerprint' database has important implications for constraining Protium species identification and phylogenetic relationships and enhancing understanding of physiological and ecological functions of resins and their potential commercial applications.

中文翻译:

亚马逊雨林中树脂质 Protium 树种的挥发性单萜“指纹”

挥发性萜类树脂代表了多种植物防御化学物质,参与防御食草、非生物胁迫和交流。然而,它们在热带森林中的组成仍然很差。作为树木识别的一部分,受损树干的“气味”被广泛使用,但具有很强的主观性。在这里,我们分析了亚马逊中部 15 种 Protium 属的树干挥发性单萜排放量。通过对 28 种单萜的丰度进行标准化,出现了 9 种单萜“指纹”模式,其特征是明显的优势单萜。虽然 4 个“指纹”图案由多个物种组成,但 5 个由单个物种组成。此外,在同一物种的个体中,有 6 个物种具有单一的“指纹”模式,而 9 个物种在个体中具有两个或更多的“指纹”模式。对 2015 年和 2017 年 15 个人的“指纹”的比较通常显示出极好的一致性,表明对物种身份的强烈依赖,而不是收集时间。结果与之前的研究一致,该研究在 Protium 中发现了多个不同的单萜合酶副本。我们得出结论,单萜“指纹”数据库对于限制 Protium 物种鉴定和系统发育关系以及增强对树脂的生理和生态功能及其潜在商业应用的理解具有重要意义。2015 年至 2017 年间,来自 15 个个体的数据普遍表现出极好的一致性,表明对物种身份的强烈依赖,但与采集时间无关。结果与之前的研究一致,该研究在 Protium 中发现了多个不同的单萜合酶副本。我们得出结论,单萜“指纹”数据库对于限制 Protium 物种鉴定和系统发育关系以及增强对树脂的生理和生态功能及其潜在商业应用的理解具有重要意义。2015 年至 2017 年间,来自 15 个个体的数据普遍表现出极好的一致性,表明对物种身份的强烈依赖,但与采集时间无关。结果与之前的研究一致,该研究在 Protium 中发现了多个不同的单萜合酶副本。我们得出结论,单萜“指纹”数据库对于限制 Protium 物种鉴定和系统发育关系以及增强对树脂的生理和生态功能及其潜在商业应用的理解具有重要意义。
更新日期:2019-04-01
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