A series of metal ion (M = Cr, Ni, Cu, Nb) and nitrogen co-doped TiO₂ with high hydrogen production by photocatalytic water splitting were prepared by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method using titanium sulfate as precursor in the presence of urea. The catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis (XPS), N₂ sorption and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis).

中文翻译：

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高效一锅微波辅助水热合成M（M = Cr，Ni，Cu，Nb）和氮共掺杂的TiO ₂通过光催化水分解制氢

通过微波辅助水热法，以硫酸钛为前驱体，在尿素存在的条件下，制备了一系列光催化水分解制氢高产金属离子（M = Cr，Ni，Cu，Nb）和氮共掺杂的TiO ₂。催化剂的特征在于粉末X射线衍射（XRD），透射电子显微镜（TEM），X射线光电子能谱分析（XPS），N ₂吸附和紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）。