We use the model DIETER, introduced in a companion paper, to analyze the role of power storage in systems with high shares of variable renewable energy sources. The model captures multiple system values of power storage related to arbitrage, capacity, and reserve provision. We apply the model to a greenfield setting that is loosely calibrated to the German power system, but may be considered as a more generic case of a thermal power system with increasing shares of variable renewables. In a baseline scenario, we find that power storage requirements remain moderate up to a renewable share of around 80%, as other options on both the supply and demand side may also offer flexibility at low cost. Yet storage plays an important role in the provision of reserves. If the renewable share further increases to 100%, the need for power storage grows substantially. As long-run parameter assumptions are highly uncertain, we carry out a range of sensitivity analyses. As a general finding, storage requirements strongly depend on the costs and availabilities of other flexibility options, particularly regarding flexible power generation from biomass. We conclude that power storage becomes an increasingly important element of a transition toward a fully renewable-based power system, and gains further relevance if other potential sources of flexibility are limited.

我们使用随附论文中介绍的DIETER模型来分析电力存储在具有大量可变可再生能源的系统中的作用。该模型捕获与套利，容量和储备金相关的多个储能系统值。我们将模型应用于未经过严格校准的德国电力系统的未开发环境，但可以认为这是火力发电系统的一种更为通用的情况，可变可再生能源的份额在不断增加。在基准情景中，我们发现储能需求保持适度，可再生能源份额约为80％，因为供需双方的其他选择也可能以低成本提供灵活性。然而，存储在储备的提供中起着重要的作用。如果可再生能源份额进一步提高到100％，电力存储的需求大幅增长。由于长期参数假设高度不确定，因此我们进行了一系列敏感性分析。作为一般发现，存储需求在很大程度上取决于其他灵活性选项的成本和可用性，尤其是有关从生物质发电的灵活性。我们得出的结论是，电力存储已成为向完全基于可再生能源的电力系统过渡的越来越重要的元素，如果其他潜在的灵活性来源受到限制，则电力存储将变得更加重要。