Abstract Morphology-controllable silica-based nanostructures (MC SiO 2 Ns) have been comprehensively studied because of their potential practical applications in various fields, such as biological chemistry. The superior properties of these nanostructures, including low density, biocompatibility, thermal stability, and high mechanical strength, have been the focus of research to improve their current performance. In this review, experimental parameters, morphology, and formation mechanism of MC SiO 2 Ns (including vesicle-like mesoporous silica, rod-like mesoporous silica, and silica mesoporous nanospheres) are discussed. Moreover, current progress in functionalization and performance improvement of MC SiO 2 Ns is presented. Applications of MC SiO 2 Ns in immobilization techniques, biological catalysis, and drug delivery are also provided.

中文翻译：

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形态可控二氧化硅基纳米结构的合成、功能化和应用：综述

摘要 形态可控的二氧化硅基纳米结构（MC SiO 2 Ns）因其在生物化学等各个领域的潜在实际应用而得到了全面的研究。这些纳米结构的优异性能，包括低密度、生物相容性、热稳定性和高机械强度，一直是提高其当前性能的研究重点。在这篇综述中，讨论了MC SiO 2 Ns（包括囊泡状介孔二氧化硅、棒状介孔二氧化硅和二氧化硅介孔纳米球）的实验参数、形貌和形成机制。此外，还介绍了 MC SiO 2 Ns 的功能化和性能改进方面的当前进展。还提供了 MC SiO 2 Ns 在固定技术、生物催化和药物递送中的应用。