Improving the tribological performance of water via designing nanomaterials as lubricant additive has garnered mounting interest. In this work, the poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel is grafted onto Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles surface (Fe₃O₄@PNA) via free radical polymerization. Then, the Fe₃O₄@PNA can self-anchored on the MXene nanosheets via hydrogen bonding interaction to obtain MXene@Fe₃O₄@PNA composite. The as-prepared MXene@Fe₃O₄@PNA can effectively reduce friction and wear when used as a water-based lubricant additive. Compared with pure water, the average coefficient of friction (COF) and wear volume decrease by 61% and 78.7%, respectively. The lubrication mechanism was analyzed by focused ion beam technique-TEM (FIB-TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The outstanding tribological performance of MXene@Fe₃O₄@PNA is attributed to the synergistic lubrication effect of MXene and Fe₃O₄@PNA. Interlayer shear of MXene and spherical Fe₃O₄@PNA can make MXene@Fe₃O₄@PNA play a full role of sliding friction and rolling friction mechanism, which can induce tribo-chemical reactions to form a protective film on the contact area of the friction pair. In addition, the hydrophilic groups of the MXene@Fe₃O₄@PNA can adsorb a large number of water molecules and form a hydration layer, reducing the agglomeration of nanosheets and acting as a boundary lubrication film. Moreover, the as-prepared MXene@Fe₃O₄@PNA exhibit excellent photothermal conversion performance in both underwater environment and dry state. Based on this characteristic, infrared light can be collected efficiently and stored quickly. Then, convert and utilize it. Therefore, the multifunctional MXene@Fe₃O₄@PNA has a broad application prospect as a water-based intelligent lubrication additive.

通过设计纳米材料作为润滑剂添加剂来改善水的摩擦学性能引起了越来越多的关注。在这项工作中，聚（N-异丙基丙烯酰胺）微凝胶通过自由基聚合接枝到 Fe ₃ O ₄纳米粒子表面（Fe ₃ O _{4 @PNA）。}然后，Fe ₃ O ₄ @PNA可以通过氢键相互作用自锚定在MXene纳米片上，得到MXene@Fe ₃ O ₄ @PNA复合材料。所制备的 MXene@Fe ₃ O ₄@PNA 作为水基润滑剂添加剂使用时，可有效降低摩擦和磨损。与纯水相比，平均摩擦系数（COF）和磨损体积分别降低了61%和78.7%。通过聚焦离子束技术-TEM（FIB-TEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析了润滑机理。_{MXene@Fe 3} O ₄ @PNA出色的摩擦学性能归因于MXene和Fe ₃ O ₄ @PNA的协同润滑作用。_{MXene和球形Fe 3} O ₄ @PNA的层间剪切可以使MXene@Fe ₃ O ₄@PNA 充分发挥滑动摩擦和滚动摩擦机制的作用，可以引发摩擦化学反应，在摩擦副的接触区域形成一层保护膜。此外，MXene@Fe ₃ O ₄ @PNA的亲水基团可以吸附大量水分子并形成水化层，减少纳米片的团聚，起到边界润滑膜的作用。此外，所制备的MXene@Fe ₃ O ₄ @PNA在水下环境和干燥状态下均表现出优异的光热转换性能。基于这一特性，可以高效地收集红外光并快速存储。然后，转换并利用它。因此，多功能 MXene@Fe ₃ O₄ @PNA作为水性智能润滑添加剂具有广阔的应用前景。