Respiration, as a basic human physiological process, can be used as a vital indicator for early disease diagnosis. Moreover, the prevention of respiratory diseases caused by particulate matter and bacteria is of great importance. Herein, a smart face mask with self-powered real-time respiratory monitoring, efficient filtration and excellent antibacterial activity was fabricated by electrospinning. By applying polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/ε-poly (L-lysine)(ε-PL) and poly (ε-caprolactone)(PCL)/gelatin nanofibrous membranes as contact electrification pairs, the triboelectric nanogenerator assembled into a face mask could detect different breathing frequencies and intensities without external power supply. The electrical output performance was increased with the increment of PVDF concentration and the introduction of gelatin. Efficient filtration of particulate matter was achieved under a low pressure drop. Furthermore, PVDF/ε-PL nanofibrous membrane also exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, thus reducing the risk of respiratory infection. The prepared smart face mask is hopeful for personal healthcare management and prevention of respiratory diseases.

呼吸作为人体的基本生理过程，可以作为疾病早期诊断的重要指标。此外，预防由颗粒物和细菌引起的呼吸道疾病也很重要。在此，采用静电纺丝法制备了一种具有自供电实时呼吸监测、高效过滤和优异抗菌活性的智能口罩。通过应用聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）/ε-聚（L-赖氨酸）（ε-PL）和聚（ε-己内酯）（PCL）/明胶纳米纤维膜作为接触带电对，组装成面罩的摩擦纳米发电机可以检测无需外部电源即可实现不同的呼吸频率和强度。电输出性能随着PVDF浓度的增加和明胶的引入而增加。在低压降下实现了颗粒物的高效过滤。此外，PVDF/ε-PL纳米纤维膜还表现出优异的抗菌活性，从而降低了呼吸道感染的风险。所制备的智能口罩有望用于个人健康管理和呼吸系统疾病的预防。