We demonstrate that superconducting gatemon qubits based on superconductor-semiconductor-superconductor Josephson junctions can be constructed on hole-type Ge/Si core/shell nanowires. The frequency of the qubit can be set firstly by controlling the diffusion of Al in the nanowire via thermal annealing, which yields a suitable critical supercurrent allowing the qubit frequency to be within the experimentally accessible range, and then by fine tuning of a gate voltage, by which an accurate adjustment of the frequency can be realized. On the resulted qubit, Rabi oscillation with an energy relaxation time \({T}_{1} \sim 180\,{\rm{ns}}\) was observed in the time domain, an average decoherence time \({T}_{2}^{* } \sim 15\,{\rm{ns}}\) was obtained, and the gate voltage dependence of both \({T}_{1}\) and \({T}_{2}^{* }\) was investigated. Such a hole-type superconducting gatemon qubit, based on materials with strong spin-orbit coupling and potentially the absence of hyperfine interaction after isotope purification, could be used for exploring the quantum coherence phenomena of hole-gas and even Majorana physics in Ge-based quantum devices.

我们证明了基于超导体-半导体-超导体约瑟夫森结的超导门量子位可以在孔型 Ge/Si 核/壳纳米线上构建。量子比特的频率可以首先通过热退火控制纳米线中铝的扩散来设置，这会产生合适的临界超电流，使量子比特频率在实验可及的范围内，然后通过微调栅极电压，从而实现频率的精确调整。在得到的量子比特上，在时域中观察到具有能量弛豫时间\({T}_{1} \sim 180\,{\rm{ns}}\) 的Rabi 振荡，平均退相干时间\({T }_{2}^{* } \sim 15\,{\rm{ns}}\)得到，两者的栅极电压依赖性\({T}_{1}\)和\({T}_{2}^{* }\)进行了调查。这种空穴型超导门子量子比特，基于具有强自旋轨道耦合和同位素纯化后可能不存在超精细相互作用的材料，可用于探索空穴-气体的量子相干现象，甚至是锗基的马约拉纳物理。量子设备。