This Viewpoint discusses the implications of the net zero energy transition on traditional chemical feedstocks and catalytic elements. While the full impact of the upcoming changes is difficult to assess, some trends from scenarios already underway can be mapped. For example, a steady growth in electric passenger vehicles will diminish transportation-related petroleum refining output, which could then create chemical feedstock gaps and changes in the supply/demand dynamics of certain critical metals. These impacts could present unexpected opportunities for emerging feedstocks such as biomass, sequestered CO₂, and recycled carbon to bridge the supply gaps, even within the next decade. Further, catalytic metals such as Pd, Rh, and Pt will be displaced from petroleum refining and automotive exhaust catalytic converter applications and potentially become more available for producing chemicals and aviation fuels from emerging feedstocks. At the same time, metals such as Co and Ni, which are currently considered to be earth abundant, will face increasing demand in energy storage applications and thus could become less attractive for catalytic applications. The availability of carbon-free hydrogen and oxygen will facilitate the march toward decarbonization of the chemical industry. Finally, the enormity of displaced petroleum refining assets offers the possibility of repurposing some of them to process emerging feedstocks. These disruptions will have profound implications in future catalysis research and must be considered for a well-guided transition toward industrial sustainability.

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净零转型：对催化的可能影响

本观点讨论了净零能源转型对传统化学原料和催化元素的影响。虽然难以评估即将发生的变化的全面影响，但可以绘制已经发生的场景的一些趋势。例如，电动乘用车的稳定增长将减少与运输相关的石油精炼产量，从而可能造成化学原料缺口和某些关键金属的供需动态变化。_{这些影响可能会为生物质、封存 CO 2}等新兴原料带来意想不到的机会，并回收碳以弥补供应缺口，甚至在未来十年内也是如此。此外，钯、铑和铂等催化金属将从石油精炼和汽车尾气催化转化器应用中被取代，并有可能更容易用于从新兴原料生产化学品和航空燃料。与此同时，目前被认为地球储量丰富的钴和镍等金属将面临能源存储应用日益增长的需求，因此对于催化应用的吸引力可能会降低。无碳氢和氧的供应将促进化学工业的脱碳进程。最后，大量被取代的石油炼制资产提供了重新利用其中一些资产来加工新兴原料的可能性。