Snap-through instability has been widely leveraged in metamaterials to attain non-monotonic responses for a specific subset of applications where conventional monotonic materials fail to perform. In the remaining more plentiful set of ordinary applications, snap-through instability is harmful, and current snapping metamaterials become inadequate because their capacity to snap cannot be suppressed post-fabrication. Here, a class of topology-transformable metamaterials is introduced to enable in situ activation and deactivation of the snapping capacity, providing a remarkable level of versatility in switching between responses from monotonic to monostable and bistable snap-through. Theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and experiments are combined to unveil the role played by contact in the topological transformation capable of increasing the geometry incompatibility and confinement stiffness of selected architectural members. The strategy here presented for post-fabrication reprogrammability of matter and on-the-fly response switching paves the way to multifunctionality for application in multiple sectors from mechanical logic gates, and adjustable energy dissipators, to in situ adaptable sport equipment.

中文翻译：

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通过多稳态拓扑变换原位激活多响应超材料中的突跃不稳定性

弹跳不稳定性已在超材料中得到广泛利用，以针对传统单调材料无法执行的特定应用子集获得非单调响应。在其余更丰富的普通应用中，弹跳不稳定性是有害的，并且当前的弹扣超材料变得不够充分，因为它们的弹扣能力在制造后无法被抑制。在这里，引入了一类拓扑可变形超材料来实现捕捉能力的原位激活和失活，从而在从单调到单稳态和双稳态的响应之间切换方面提供了显着的多功能性。理论分析、数值模拟和实验相结合，揭示了接触在拓扑变换中所起的作用，能够增加所选建筑构件的几何不兼容性和约束刚度。这里提出的物质制造后可重编程性和动态响应切换的策略为从机械逻辑门、可调节能量耗散器到现场适应性运动器材等多个领域的多功能性应用铺平了道路。