Abstract. Surface solar irradiance varies on scales down to seconds, and detailed long-term observational datasets of this variable are rare but in high demand. Here, we present an observational dataset of global, direct, and diffuse solar irradiance sampled at 1 Hz as well as fully resolved variability until at least 0.1 Hz over a period of 10 years from the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) station at Cabauw, the Netherlands. The dataset is complemented with irradiance variability classifications, clear-sky irradiance and aerosol reanalysis, information about the solar position, observations of clouds and sky type, and wind measurements up to 200 m above ground level. Statistics of variability derived from all time series include approximately 185 000 detected events of both cloud enhancement and cloud shadows. Additional observations from the Cabauw measurement site are freely available from the open-data platform of the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute. This paper describes the observational site, quality control, classification algorithm with validation, and the processing method of complementary products. Additionally, we discuss and showcase (potential) applications, including limitations due to sensor response time. These observations and derived statistics provide detailed information to aid research into how clouds and atmospheric composition influence solar irradiance variability as well as information to help validate models that are starting to resolve variability at higher fidelity. The main datasets are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7093164 (Knap and Mol, 2022) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462362 (Mol et al., 2022); the reader is referred to the “Code and data availability” section of this paper for the complete list.

中文翻译：

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在荷兰 Cabauw 进行了十年的 1 Hz 太阳辐照度观测，包括云观测、变异性分类和统计数据

摘要。地表太阳辐照度的变化小至秒级，该变量的详细长期观测数据集很少见，但需求量很大。在这里，我们展示了一个以 1 Hz 采样的全球、直接和漫射太阳辐照度的观测数据集，以及在 10 年期间从 Cabauw 的基线表面辐射网络 (BSRN) 站完全解析的可变性，直到至少 0.1 Hz，荷兰人。该数据集还补充了辐照度变化分类、晴空辐照度和气溶胶再分析、有关太阳位置的信息、云和天空类型的观测以及地面以上 200 米的风测量。来自所有时间序列的可变性统计包括大约 185 000 个检测到的云增强和云阴影事件。Cabauw 测量站点的其他观测结果可从荷兰皇家气象研究所的开放数据平台免费获得。本文介绍了观测地点、质量控制、验证分类算法以及互补产品的处理方法。此外，我们还讨论和展示（潜在）应用，包括传感器响应时间的限制。这些观察结果和派生的统计数据提供了详细的信息，以帮助研究云和大气成分如何影响太阳辐照度的变化，以及帮助验证开始以更高保真度解决变化的模型的信息。主要数据集可在 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7093164（Knap 和 Mol，2022 年）和 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462362（Mol 等人，2022); 读者可参阅本文的“代码和数据可用性”部分以获取完整列表。