In the last decades, prevention measures have been taken globally to reduce the high prevalence of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in our societies. As a consequence, a gradual reduction in the prevalence of IPVAW in the younger generations should be expected. However, international prevalence data suggest that this is not the case. In the present study, we aim to compare IPVAW-prevalence rates across age groups in the adult population in Spain. We used data from the Spanish 2019 national survey based on 9,568 interviews with women, reporting IPVAW in three time periods: lifetime, the last 4 years, and the last year. To ensure accurate comparisons of IPVAW-prevalence rates across age groups, we first examined the psychometric properties, and measurement invariance of the set of questions addressing the different types of IPVAW (i.e., physical, sexual, psychological) in this survey. Results supported a three-factor latent structure addressing psychological, physical, and sexual IPVAW, showing high-internal consistency and validity evidence. For lifetime prevalence, the youngest age groups (18-24 years) were those with the highest latent mean in psychological and physical IPVAW, with those aged 25 to 34 years having the highest score in sexual IPVAW. Women aged 18 to 24 years showed the highest factor scores in the three types of violence during the last 4 years and during the last year. A number of potential explanatory hypotheses are proposed to better understand the high prevalence of IPVAW among younger generations. The reason why IPVAW prevalence remains alarmingly high among young women, despite the preventive measures taken in recent years, is a research question that remains open. Prevention efforts should target younger generations if IPVAW is to be eradicated in the long term. However, this goal will only be achieved if those prevention efforts prove to be effective.

中文翻译：

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青年时期女性遭受亲密伴侣暴力的现象十分普遍：预防措施是否失败？

在过去的几十年里，全球范围内采取了预防措施，以减少社会中亲密伴侣暴力侵害妇女行为 (IPVAW) 的高发率。因此，预计年轻一代中 IPVAW 的流行率将逐渐下降。然而，国际流行率数据表明情况并非如此。在本研究中，我们的目的是比较西班牙成年人口中不同年龄组的 IPVAW 患病率。我们使用了西班牙 2019 年全国调查的数据，该调查基于对 9,568 名女性的采访，报告了三个时间段的 IPVAW：一生、过去 4 年和去年。为了确保准确比较不同年龄组的 IPVAW 患病率，我们首先检查了本次调查中针对不同类型 IPVAW（即身体、性、心理）的一组问题的心理测量特性和测量不变性。结果支持了涉及心理、身体和性 IPVAW 的三因素潜在结构，显示出高度的内部一致性和有效性证据。就终生患病率而言，最年轻的年龄组（18-24 岁）是心理和身体 IPVAW 潜在均值最高的人群，其中 25 至 34 岁的人群在性 IPVAW 方面得分最高。过去 4 年和去年，18 至 24 岁的女性在三种类型的暴力行为中表现出最高的因子得分。为了更好地理解年轻一代中 IPVAW 的高流行率，提出了一些潜在的解释性假设。尽管近年来采取了预防措施，但年轻女性中 IPVAW 的流行率仍然高得惊人，这是一个仍然悬而未决的研究问题。如果要长期根除 IPVAW，预防工作应该针对年轻一代。然而，只有这些预防措施被证明是有效的，这一目标才能实现。