The recent increases in Cannabis sativa (cannabis) production, both in industrial hemp and recreational varieties, has highlighted the need for low-impact and sustainable practices for this expanding industry. Green waste of cannabis, consisting of the vegetative components like plant stalks, offers an unexplored opportunity for valorization through biomass optimization. Like hemp, recreational cannabis varieties contain two high cellulose fiber types: bast fiber (phloem tissue) and hurd fiber (xylem tissue). Using hemp as a model for recreational cultivars, this study demonstrates the ability to isolate cellulose nanomaterials from both bast and hurd fiber through phosphoric acid hydrolysis. Scanning electron microscopy (EM) shows that sodium hydroxide treatment is required for removing all non-cellulose surface components from hurd fiber. Comparison of the two fiber types with transmission EM reveals phosphoric acid-hydrolyzed bast fibers produce cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), while hurd fibers are more prone to producing a mixture of cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibril-like particles (CNF) without chemical pretreatment. Adding hydrogen peroxide to the sodium hydroxide pretreatment decreased the variation in CNC sizes resulting from both bast and hurd. The findings of this study provide several avenues for valorization of green waste, while aiming to minimize the techno-economic impact of pretreatments.

最近大麻的增加（大麻）生产，无论是工业大麻还是娱乐大麻，都凸显了这个不断发展的行业需要低影响和可持续的做法。大麻的绿色废物由植物茎等植物成分组成，为通过生物量优化进行增值提供了未开发的机会。与大麻一样，休闲大麻品种含有两种高纤维素纤维类型：韧皮纤维（韧皮部组织）和赫德纤维（木质部组织）。本研究使用大麻作为休闲栽培品种的模型，展示了通过磷酸水解从韧皮和胡德纤维中分离纤维素纳米材料的能力。扫描电子显微镜 (EM) 显示需要氢氧化钠处理才能从赫德纤维中去除所有非纤维素表面成分。两种纤维类型与传输 EM 的比较表明，磷酸水解的韧皮纤维会产生纤维素纳米晶体 (CNC)，而赫德纤维更容易在没有化学预处理的情况下产生纤维素纳米晶体和纳米纤维状颗粒 (CNF) 的混合物。在氢氧化钠预处理中添加过氧化氢可减少由韧皮和硬皮引起的 CNC 尺寸变化。这项研究的结果为绿色废物的增值提供了几种途径，同时旨在最大限度地减少预处理的技术经济影响。在氢氧化钠预处理中添加过氧化氢可减少由韧皮和硬皮引起的 CNC 尺寸变化。这项研究的结果为绿色废物的增值提供了几种途径，同时旨在最大限度地减少预处理的技术经济影响。在氢氧化钠预处理中添加过氧化氢可减少由韧皮和硬皮引起的 CNC 尺寸变化。这项研究的结果为绿色废物的增值提供了几种途径，同时旨在最大限度地减少预处理的技术经济影响。