The radula, a chitinous membrane with teeth, is the molluscan autapomorphy for food gathering and processing. Even though this structure is studied for decades, the interplay between the structure and the particular food or/and the substrate remains mostly enigmatic. Here, we provide a numerical model approach to understand the relationship between structure, feeding efficiency, and partial work performed by the system. This first simple dynamic numerical radular model interacts with the food particles and the uneven substrate. This protocol can be applied to any system in the future, as the parameters (interaction between structures, adhesion, size of food particles, attachment angle of teeth to membrane, etc.) can be easily altered. This will shed light on the biomechanical adaptations of this feeding structure (e.g., wear and failure prevention) to the specific environment.

中文翻译：

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软体动物齿根与基质和食物颗粒相互作用的动态数值模型

齿舌是一种带有牙齿的几丁质膜，是用于收集和加工食物的软体动物的自体形态。尽管这种结构已经被研究了几十年，但该结构与特定食物或/和基质之间的相互作用仍然是个谜。在这里，我们提供了一种数值模型方法来理解结构、进给效率和系统执行的部分功之间的关系。这第一个简单的动态数值径向模型与食物颗粒和不平坦的基质相互作用。该协议可以应用于未来的任何系统，因为参数（结构之间的相互作用、粘附、食物颗粒的大小、牙齿与膜的附着角度等）可以很容易地改变。这将揭示这种进食结构的生物力学适应性（例如，